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Midterm anatomy exci 254 > Lecture 10 - ANS > Flashcards

Lecture 10 - ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Autonomic nervous system consists of: (4)

A
  1. Autonomic sensory neurons
  2. Integrating centers
  3. Autonomic motor neurons
  4. Enteric division
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2
Q

Autonomic sensory neurons are found where

A

In visceral organs & blood vessels

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3
Q

Integrating centers are found where

A

In the CNS

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4
Q

Autonomic motor neurons do what

A

Propagate from CNS to various effector tissues

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5
Q

Enteric division is what

A

Specialized network found within walls of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract

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6
Q

The visceral afferent and visceral efferent fibers travel ____

A

Together

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7
Q

Afferent component

A

autonomic reflexes and pain fibers

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8
Q

Efferent component

A

regulation of visceral function

2 motor neurons in series (myelinated + unmyelinated)

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9
Q

Visceral efferent pathway of the PNS (3)

A

Smooth muscles
Cardiac muscles
Glands

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10
Q

Smooth muscle effect

A

Contract/relax

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11
Q

Cardiac muscles effect

A

Increase or decrease rate/force of contraction

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12
Q

Glands effect

A

Increase or decrease secretions

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13
Q

ANS is organized into (3)

A

Nerves, ganglia, plexuses

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14
Q

Ganglia

A

Bundle of cell bodies

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15
Q

Plexuses

A

Bundle of ganglia

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16
Q

ANS is divided into 2 systems or divisions

A
  1. Sympathetic division

2. Parasympathetic division

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17
Q

Another name for sympathetic division + what nerves

A

Thoracolumbar

T1 to L2

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18
Q

Another name for parasympathetic division + what nerves

A

Craniosacral

CN III, CN VII, CN IX & CN X + S2, S3, S4

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19
Q

Explain the visceral efferent pathway in 3 steps

A

Neurons are mainly in lateral grey bodies with some anterior horn
They pass through the PREGANGLIONIC NEURON to synapse in the AUTONOMIC GANGLION
They then pass through to the POSTGANGLIONIC NEURON to the EFFECTOR

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20
Q

All the pre-ganglionic neurons release

A

Acetylcholine

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21
Q

The synapse of the preganglionic neurons (fibers) with another visceral efferent neuron occurs where

A

In the autonomic ganglia

22
Q

There are 3 locations of ganglia

A
  1. Sympathetic trunk (chain)
  2. Prevertebral (collateral) ganglion
  3. Terminal (intramural) ganglion
23
Q

Which location is only for parasympathetic division

A

Terminal (intramural) ganglion

24
Q

Location of the sympathetic trunk

A

Closely on each side of the vertebral column, parallel to it

25
Q

Location of the prevertebral (collateral) ganglion

A

Anterior to the large abdominal arteries

26
Q

The prevertebral ganglion take their names from these arteries

A 
Celiac ganglion (celiac artery)
Superior and inferior mesenteric ganglion (artery)
27
Q

Both the sympathetic trunk and the prevertebral ganglia receive their preganglionic fibers from the ________ division of the ANS

A

Thoracolumbar (sympathetic

28
Q

Location of the terminal (intramural) ganglion

A

Very close to, or in the visceral effectors (smooth/cardiac muscle or glands)

29
Q

The terminal ganglia receives preganglionic fibers directly from the ______ division of the ANS

A

Craniosacral/parasympathetic

30
Q

T or F: all ganglia receive preganglionic neurons/fibers

A

TRUE

31
Q

The preganglionic fibers have their cell bodies located where

A

In the lateral grey horns of the spinal cord

32
Q

The autonomic efferent fibers leave by the ____ ____ of the spinal nerve accompanying the somatic efferent fibers

A

Ventral root

33
Q

Sympathetic division - preganglionic fibers enter the sympathetic trunk/chain by way of the ____ ____ ____

A

White Rami Communicans

34
Q

2 options to synapse for the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division

A
  1. synapse in the chain

2. go up or down to another level to synapse with the postganglionic neuron

35
Q

T or F: one preganglionic neuron can have an influence up to 20 postganglionic neurons

A

TRUE

36
Q

Sympathetic division - after the synapse, the postganglionic fibers enters the ___ ___ of the spinal nerve by way of the ___ ____ ___

A

Ventral rami

Grey Rami communicans

37
Q

Where is synapse if not in the chain for sympathetic division

A

Pass right through it and later synapse in the prevertebral ganglia

38
Q

These presynaptic nerves are found below the diagram

A

Splanchnic nerves

39
Q

Celiac plexus (3)

A

Also known as the solar plexus
Is comprised of the paired celiac ganglia, superior mesenteric ganglia and other smaller ganglia
It lies in the anterior aorta at the origin of the celiac artery

40
Q

All presynaptic neurons (parasympathetic) synapse in the ____ ____

A

Terminal ganglia

41
Q

S-ANS: postganglionic fibers release ____

Called ____ fibers

A

Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Adrenergic

42
Q

Norepinephrine will increase or decrease the activities of the organs

A

INCREASE

43
Q

Prepares the individual for emergency situations - fight or fly

A

Sympathetic division

44
Q

Effect of sympathetic on body (3)

A

Increase HR, aggression, adrenaline production
Increase blood flow to skeletal and cardiac muscles (vasodilation)
Non essential organs = vasoconstriction

45
Q

PS-ANS: postganglionic fibers release ____

Called ____ fibers

A

Acetylcholine (ACH)

Cholinergic

46
Q

Maintains the organs lever of activity to pressure (homeostasis - balance of bodily functions)

A

Parasympathetic division

47
Q

In stressful situations, ____ divisions are dominant

A

Sympathetic

48
Q

In non-stressful situations, ____ division is dominant

A

Parasympathetic

49
Q

T or F: if the synapse occurs in the chain, it means the effector is below the diaphragm

A

FALSE, above the diaphragm

50
Q

In the spinal cord, where do we find the cell bodies of motor neurons associated with the SNS?

A

Anterior grey horns

Midterm anatomy exci 254 (8 decks)

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