Lecture 7 Flashcards
What is the definition of middle childhood?
Ages 5-10
What is the ages for preadolescence?
9-11 for girls
10-12 for boys
Why is nutrition important for school aged kids?
Establishes healthy eating habits to help prevent immediate and longterm health problems
Adequate nutrition associated with improved academic performance
How do we measure normal growth and development of school aged kids?
Growth and velocity will slow during these years
Should continue to monitor growth periodically
Wt and ht plotted on growth chart
Wt for age
Stature for Age
BMI for age
When can we use BMI as a measurement tool?
Can be used with children over 2yrs of age to determine if they re at risk for underweight, over weight and obesity
What do the growth charts go up too?
18-19 depending on their cut off for adolescents
What physiological development in school age children do we start to see?
Increase muscle strength, Motor coordination and stamina
-differes between male and female
Early childhood body fat reaches min and then increase in preparation for adolescences
When does the increase in body fat take place?
6-6.3 years
-boys have more lean tissue than girls
What is the major developmental achievement for school age children?
Self efficacy
-knowledge of what to do and the ability to do it
What does self autonomy in toddlers lead to in school aged children?
Self autonomy in toddlers leads to self efficacy in school age children
- Need to give children the opportunity for children to develop these skills, as long as you try things then that’s good and its okay to fail
In toddlers they go from preparation period to what in school aged children?
concrete operations
- they can focus on several things at the same time
- more cause and effect reasoning
- seeing others point of view
What does the cognitive development in school aged children lead to?
Develops sense of self
More independent and learn family roles
Peer relationships become more important
What are the development in the feeding skills in school aged children ?
Increase motor coordination and improved feeding
Master use of eating utensils
Involved in food preparation
Learning about different foods, simple food prep and basic nutrition facts
How do school aged children develops their eating behaviours?
Influence from parents/older siblings
Parents should be positive role models
Family meal times should be encouraged
Media
How does parental body image influence kids?
Mothers concern of her own weight may increase her influence over her daughters food intake
-young kids preoccupied with wt and body size at early ages
What shouldn’t parents do about body image?
Shouldn’t import controls and restrictions of forbidden foods which may increase the desire and intake of these foods
Normalize the increase in body fat and properly interpret them
What external influences influence school aged children eating behaviours?
Peer influence School policies and practices -vending machines Volunteer and professionals working with children -teachers, coaches Media messages -ads, sports
What is the AMDR for school aged children?
Carb: 45-65% Protein 10-30% -dont want to overwhelm kidneys Fat: 25-35% -include omega 3 and 6
What is the recommended protein intake for school aged children ?
0.95g/kg/day
What are the estimated energy values for active normal wt children?
3-8yrs
- girls: 1642
- boys: 1742
9-13yrs
- girl: 2071
- Boy: 2279
What are the recommended intake of Fe, Zn and Ca for 4-8 and 9-13yrs?
4-8yrs
Fe 10mg
5 mg
1000 mg
9-13yrs
Fe 8mg
Zn 8mg
Ca 1300mg
Why is making sure adequate Ca and Vitamin D is done?
For bone length and density to support growth spurts
-higher recommendations for older children is because most bone formation occurs during puberty
What is the recommendation for Vitamin D?
RDA 15mincro gram or 600IU for children 4-18
-from sun or fortified foods
What is the recommendations for fibre?
4-8yrs: 25g/day
Boys 9-13: 31g
girls 9-13: 26g
What should parents be doing in terms of fluids and soft drinks?
Provide plain water or sport drink to prevent dehydration
Cold water is best
Limit soft drinks
Energy drinks should not be consumed
What should meal times at home be?
Need to be consistent in terms of pattern leads to a lower level of chaos
Why should we avoid power struggles in terms of food with school aged children?
Children lean to assert independence
Problem if parents try to control every aspect of eating
Parent responsible for what foods offered
Child responsible for how much and whether to eat
What should parents do in terms of new foods?
Do not force child to try
Offer when child Is hungry
Respect Childs decision to accept or reject
How do parents chose breakfast cereals?
Whole grains High fibre -at least 4g/serving Limit sugar -less than 11g/serving Limit fat -less than 3g/serving
*tip mix high fibre cereals with low fibre to boost nutritional value
