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FN 2241 > Lecture 4 - Part II > Flashcards

Lecture 4 - Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What does the total milk volume vary with?

A

With infant age

Not with moms fluid intake

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2
Q

How much water should you drink while breast feeding?

A

3.8L/day

And while baby nurses

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3
Q

In hot temperatures what will baby do?

A

Adjust schedule in hot temps

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4
Q

How much milk is produced/day?

A

3/4L/day

-requires 400-650cals extra/day which is pulled from additional food and fat stores

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5
Q

What decreases milk production?

A

Severe energy restriction

-doesn’t impact composition

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6
Q

What is the additional EER cals for the first 6 months post partum and the second 6 moths?

A

First: 330kcals/day

Second: 400kcals

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7
Q

Does the amount of carbs fluctuate in milk?

A

Mother diets has no effect on carb content of milk

-70g lactose/L

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8
Q

What is the recommendations for carbs when breastfeeding?

A

210g/day RDA

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9
Q

Does the amount of protein fluctuate in milk?

A

Mother diets has no effect on protein content of milk

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10
Q

What are the protein recommendations during lactation?

A

71g/day

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11
Q

Does the amount of fat fluctuate in milk?

A

Moms diet hs an effect on breast milk fatty acid composition

  • increase PUFA and DHA content of milk from increase in diet of mom
  • NOT on total fat and cholesterol content
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12
Q

Does HMS contain cholesterol?

A

no

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13
Q

Does the amount of vitamins and minerals fluctuate in milk?

A

Generally nutrition inadequacies decrease in quantity not quality of milk

  • even if supplies are limited milk is adequate in carb protein fat and most minerals
  • quality maintained at the expense of maternal stores
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14
Q

Which vitamins if deficient in mom will be deficient in baby?

A

B6 and B12

-milk will be deficient in these

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15
Q

Which vitamins change in milk based on moms diet?

A

Vitamin ADK

-not all infant givent vitamin K shot

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16
Q

Do minerals in moms diet have an effect on milk?

A

Does not influence their concentration in milk

-mineral content on human milk is less than cows

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17
Q

IS supplementation recommended during lactation?

A

only recommended for specific nutrient/needs

-veg diets

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18
Q

Can you do physical activity while breast feeding?

A

Yes

-but compensation for cals is important

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19
Q

What are the benefits of physical activity during lactation?

A

Support healthy weight
Improve mental health post partum
Social Aspect/break from routine
Fresh air

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20
Q

Why might break feeding help with weight loss?

A

May help by facilitating mobilization of fat stores

-does not promote rapid easy weight loss

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21
Q

How much should you lose in the first 4-6months?

A

1-2lbs/month

DRI: 0.8kg/month for first 6 months

22
Q

When do you normally see sore nipples?

A

4-5days post birth, then should get better

-if not most people switch to bottles

23
Q

How do you alleviate pain during breast feeding?

A

Ensure proper positioning
Wash with warm water only
Let air dry
Proper pumping equipment

24
Q

What is engorgement and what is the cause?

A

Breasts overfill with milk

Cause: infrequent or ineffective removal of milk

25
What is the solution to engorgement?
Warmth, pressure, express milk before feed until breast is not hard, BF often, pump less, anti inflammatory for let down, cold compress between feeds
26
What are plugged milk ducts and what are the signs and solutions?
Milk remains in duct and causes bloackage Painful knot in breast Warmth, pressure, complete emptying, supplements for let down -can lead to mastitis
27
What is mastitis and what causes it?
Inflammation of the breast Missing one or more feeds, tight bra, unresolved rengorgement or plugged duct
28
What are the signs and solutions of mastitis?
Signs: simulate to plugged duct with addition of fever/flu-like symptoms Solution: continue BF, empty at each feed, ibuprofen, rest, hydration, nutrition, antibiotics may be needed
29
What are letdown issues?
Inadequate: stress, alcohol, distractions may inhibit oxytocin, which then decreases let down reflex Hyperactive: milk sprays on its owne
30
What is hyper lactation and what are the signs and symptoms?
Overproduction of milk Signs: spitting up, green frothy stool, chronic plugged ducts, leaking between feed, poor infant wt gain Soplutions: only one side per feed, express some milk before starting feed cold compress before feed
31
What happens if mom has a cold when breast feeding?
Dont take meds, can dry up milk supply | Hydrate well
32
Can communicable disease appear in breastmilk?
Communicable disease HIV/AIDS can be transmitted but low risk
33
What is post partum amenorrhea?
Lactational an ovulation (prolactin) - favours birth spacing - can take up to 1yr to replenish moms nutrient reserves Its not always protective Length depends on exclusive breastfeeding or not Uterus returns to normal size in 6wks.
34
What is weaning?
Parent or baby led weaning | End of lactation
35
How can you end lactation?
Without suckling stimulation Inhection of estrogen Bromocriptine (Med) Large dose of B6
36
What are the issues with premies breastfeeding?
Heart/breathing instability Poor temp control Fewer glycogen and fat stores=increase risk for hypoglycaemia Immature immune system Immature suck/swallow coordination Tire easily, hard to get a full feed every time
37
Whats it like breastfeeding babies born before 34wks?
Tube fed for at least a while Can be given fortified pumped breast milk Soother to help learn suck/swallow
38
What is it like breastfeeding babies born 34-37wks?
``` 3/4 of all singleton preterm births Shout not be treated as Tull term Insufficient milk intake Jaundice Hypoglycemia Poor wt gain ```
39
What are the preterm infant breastfeeding goals?
1. Build and maintain milk supply - feed and pump after 2. Feed infant adequately - Wake infant 2-4 hours - weight infant pre and post feeding - appropriate d/c planning
40
What are the benefit of breastmilk for premies?
Easier to digest and absorb than formula Better Brian and eye development Reduced risk of infectious disease
41
What are the drawbacks of of breastmilk for premies?
May gains wt/length slower | May have poorer bone mineralizationi
42
What is the key to breastfeeding multiples?
Frequent feeds and or pumps (supply and demand) Time management Feed both at once if possible
43
What are the possible road blocks with breastfeeding multiples?
Prematurity Lack of sleep or adequate nutrition/hydration Stress Lack fo education
44
Can babies have short-term allergies/intolerances while breastfeeding?
Some foods in moms diet may cause colic or irritability Record keeping to help determine which foods causing discomfort Reaction is 4-24hr post ingestion Will see relief after 5-7 days without food in diet
45
What influences longterm allergies and intolerances while breastfeeding?
``` Genetics Duration of breastfeeding Introduction of foods Smoking during pregnancy Air pollution Exposure to infectious disease Maternal diet Maternal immunity ```
46
What is jaundice?
Too much bilirubin in the blood Affect 80% premies, 40% FT Can lead to permanent neurological damage if not addressed and corrected 2 types: breastfeeding and non breastfeeding jaundice
47
What practices are incompatible with breastfeeding?
``` Smoking Alcohol Medicinal Drugs Illicit drugs Environmental contaminants Excess caffeine Herbal remedies ```
48
What does successful lactation require?
Proper latching of baby on breast Adequate nutrition and rest Help and support: certified lactation consultant
49
What are the factors that need to be considered for the care of lactating women?
``` giving birth is exhausting -type of birth -meds used First kids Nursing on. request If mom has priorities to feed and care for herself ```
50
What is milk baking?
Breastmilk is good for infants even if not from its mom -can pasteurize donor milk Some women produce more than needed and can store for later
51
What are Canadas recommendations for alternate breastmilk?
Cow milk based, Fe fortified formulas until 9-12 months | Pasturized wholesaled cow milk at 9months
52
What are considerations that we need to be aware of when using infant formulas?
Safety and sanitary conditions: - Reliable/pure water supply - Boiling water - Clean and sterilize bottles and nipples - Prepare according to instructions

FN 2241 (12 decks)

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