Lecture 7 Flashcards
____ uses light energy
phototrophs
________ oxidize chemicals
chemotrophs
usually
autotrophs ____ and
heterotrophs _______
fix CO2
release CO2
Describe methanogenesis
only in archaeal methanogens
respiration by obligate anaerobes
____ is the prokaryotic use of CH4 as electron donor and sole source of carbon
Methanotrophy
What is acetogenesis?
the prokaryotic production of acetate
What are cyanobacteria and what do they do?
green bacterial photosynthesizers that fix nitrogen
Anaerobic electron acceptors
nitrate (NO3-)/nitrite(NO2-)
ferrous (Fe(II))/ ferric (Fe(III))
sulfate (SO4-2)/hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
What is nitrogen fixation?
N2 => NH3
What is nitrification?
NH3 => NO2- => NO3-
What is dentrification?
NO3- => NO2- => N2
What is the most abundant redox-active metal?
Iron
Reduced and oxidized iron
Fe(II) reduced; Fe(III) oxidized
What is the triple sugar iron agar test used for?
dissimilatory sulfate reduction
What happens in commensalism?
One benefits, doesn’t affect the other
What happens in mutualism?
Both benefit
What happens in parasitism?
One benefits, other suffers
What happens in amensalism?
One suffers, other unaffected
What happens in competition?
Both suffer
DNA-based approaches
16S rRN, 18S, ITS gene sequencing
RNA-based approaches
metatranscriptomics
Protein-based approaches
Metaproteomics
Metabolite-based approaches
Metabolomics
What are helminths?
invertebrate worm-like parasites