Lecture 0 Flashcards
What is a microorganism?
An organism that is too small to be seen with the unaided eye
What are some examples of microbes?
Archea, bacteria, fungi, protists, amimals (worms/helminths) and viruses
What are some features of bacteria?
Unicellular
Peptidoglycan in cell walls
Divide by binary fission
Some are polysynthetic
____ are prokaryotes that are uniucellular, no pepitodoglycan in cell walls and often live in extreme environments
Archea
____ are eukaryotic protists that are unicellular with no cell wall and move via psuedopods, cilia or flagella
Protozoa
____ are eukaryotes that can be multi or unicellular that are not photosynthetic and have chitin in cell walls
Fungi
Yeasts are ____-celllular while molds and mushrooms are ____-cellular
Uni and multi
Molds and mushrooms are composed of ____- and _____.
Mycelia and hyphae
____ are eukaryotes that are multicellular with no cell wall, look like worm-like parasites and aren’t always miscroscopic
Worms/helminths
What needs a host for reproduction and is acellular?
Viruses
What are some features of prokaryotes?
- Usually one circular chromosome
- no histones
- no membrane bound organelles
- divides by binary fission
- usually always unicellular
What are some features of eukaryotes?
a well-defined nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane, membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, a complex cytoskeleton, and a system of internal membranes called the endomembrane system
What are some differences between prokarotes and eukaryotes?
prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles and nucleus, while eukaryotes have both
eukaryotes are larger and more complex than prokaryotes
prokaryotes - unicellular eyukaryotes - can be multicellular
Eukaryote DNA - Nucleus Prokaryote DNA - Cytoplasm
Prokaryotes - Divide w/binary fission Eukaryotes - Divide via mitosis
What are some functions of microbes other than disesases?
They boost the immune system
They decompose and recycle waste
They ferment (sugar to alcohol) foods
They interact with eachother
What are the 5 major types of microbes?
Archea, bacteria, fungi, helminths, viruses
