Lecture 7

Question 1

What thero has a class of actions that share invarient charcteristics

Answer 1

Generalized motor plan

Question 2

UNique set of characteristics that do not vary from one performance to another

Answer 2

invariant features

Question 3

Added to the invariant feastures for the person to meet the skill demand of varying situations
* cause you change to change invarient charcteristics so you can be sucessful w/ a skill
* allows you to modify invarient charcertisics so you can be sucessful

Answer 3

Parameters

Question 4

Nonelinear dynamics, distinct coordination pattterns that develop spontaneously (from environment), self organized
* not motor program sitting there waiting to be modified instead we learn how to activate muscle senergies for any specific movement tasks

Answer 4

Dyanimic systems therapy

Question 5

Steady state

Answer 5

Stability

Question 6

Preferred behavioral state, most energy effeicntly

Answer 6

Attractor

Question 7

Leaning the body one way and the head going the opposite way is known as?

Answer 7

Head righting

head goes the opposite direction of COM

as you develop a skill you need less and less head righting to maintain postural control

Question 8

Eyes saying “we have to get upright” is what reflex
* realigning eyes to horizion

Answer 8

optical righting reflex

Question 9

what reflex pulls c spine into a more upright position

Answer 9

Labyrinthine reflex

Question 10

Which reflex helps maintain the whole spinal position in an upright position when its being moved to different direction

Answer 10

Vestibulospinal reflex (slower)

Question 11

which reflexes are being used?

Answer 11

Labyrinthine (pulling him into an upright position)
Optical

not vestibulospinal because the body is more upright

Question 12

what reflexes are being used?

Answer 12

primarily using optical followed by labryithrine

less vestibulospinal because its slower and hasnt kicked on yet

Question 13

Which reflex

Answer 13

vestibulospinal (helps maintain contronl)

Question 14

Which motor control theroy best supports the control of head writing?

Answer 14

Both

Question 15

AS you get older where you focus your attention on gait changes
* you need less focus on the actual walking / gait and can do other things like talking
* More peripheral vision is used (can turn head and walk and not even think about the walking / environment because shes using her peripheral vision)

Question 16

where in the brain does encoding of muscle forces and/or trajectory during the performance of a task happen?
* makes sure right forces are generated at the right time so we can get where we want to go

Answer 16

Primary motor cortex

Question 17

What are of the brain gives you bimanual (think bilatearl) coordination and complex synergistic movements?

Answer 17

Supplementary motor cortex/area

You need bilatearl coordination to walk

Question 18

what area of the brain gives us orientation of the body and extremity towards a taget / proximal stability?
* voluntary tasks “I want to go this way” - going to help us orient that direction

Answer 18

Premotor cortex

Question 19

relay station of the brain

Answer 19

thalamus

Question 20

What area of the brain pulls in information from the cerebellum / basal ganglia / sensory system –> puts it all together and directs the output towards primary motor cortex / supplementaroy motor area / primary motor cortex

Answer 20

thalamus

Question 21

Is the basal ganglia conneted to the motor cortex?

Answer 21

No, its an indirect connection (goes through the thalamus)

Question 22

Which part of the brain modulates the strength of the singnals that go up to the cortex through the thalamus?

Answer 22

basal ganglia

Question 23

Is the cerebellum directly connected to the cortex?

Answer 23

No, connected through thalamus

Question 24

Which part of the brain helps w/ muscle synergies?

Answer 24

cerebellum

Question 25

which part of the brain is used to correct movement errors?

Answer 25

cerebellum
* for young people this isnt developed yet so it isnt very developed

Question 26

Which part of the brain helps you regulate mvoement?
* does this by identifying spatial relationships of a movement in an environment
* orients the body in the environment and the limbs to the body

Answer 26

Posterior Parietal Cortex

Question 27

Posterior Pariet Cortex takes infromation from what 3 places

Answer 27

1) visual cortex
2) temporal lobe
3) and lots of other sensory areas

helps us determine how the body should be regulated in terms of the movement in the environment
* takes in lots of sensory inputs and pulls them together and helps to regulate the output assoiated w/ the motor areas of the brain