Lecture 6: Thoracic Cardiology Flashcards
What separates the superior and inferior mediastinum?
Sternal angle
What makes up the inferior mediastinum?
Anterior
Middle: where heart is
Posterior
What is found above myocardium?
Visceral serous pericardium (Epicardium)
What is the function of endocardium?
Separates blood from muscle
What is angina pectoris?
Referred pain down left arm during an MI
What is the most important job of the fibrous skeleton?
Provides an electrically insulated barrier b/t the atria and ventricles
What is the ductus arteriosus?
Before birth, this structure would shunt blood from pulmonary trunk to aorta to bypass non-functional lungs
What is ligamentum arteriosum?
Remnant of ductus arteriosus
- stretched b/t pulmonary trunk and aorta
- weak spot in structure and susceptible to aneurysms
What structure is susceptible to injury if there is aneurysm to the ligamentum arteriosum?
Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
What are atrial septal defects?
Incomplete closure of foramen ovalis
-large holes can allow mixture of oxygen rich and poor blood
What are the three cusps of the tricuspid valve?
Septal Cusp
Anterior Cusp
Posterior Cusp
What is the pathways of a cardiac catheter?
IVC Right atrium Right ventricle Pulmonary trunk Pulmonary arteries
What are the two cusps of the bicuspid valve?
Anterior cusp
Posterior cusp
What are the two pericardial sinuses?
Oblique and Transverse
What is the significance of transverse pericardial sinuses?
Space allows surgeons to access area posterior to aorta and pulmonary trunk to clamp tubes of bypass machine into larger vessels
-separate inflow and outflow of heart
