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Year 1: 08. CPR Exam 1 > Lecture 1: Thoracic Osteology, Arthrology, and Myology > Flashcards

Lecture 1: Thoracic Osteology, Arthrology, and Myology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the thoracic cavity bound by?

A

Superior and Inferior Thoracic Apertures

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2
Q

The superior thoracic aperture allows communication between the ____ and ____.

A

Neck and thorax

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3
Q

The inferior thoracic aperture allows communication between the ____ and ____.

A

Abdomen and thorax

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4
Q

What is found in the pulmonary cavities?

A

Lungs

Pleurae

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5
Q

What is found in the mediastinum?

A 
Heart
Thoracic Great Vessels
Trachea
Thoracic Esophagus
Thymus
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6
Q

What three bones make up the sternum?

A

Manubrium of the Sternum
Body of the Sternum
Xiphoid Process of the Sternum

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7
Q

What notch is found at the very top of the manubrium of the sternum?

A

Suprasternal Notch

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8
Q

What is the notch found on the superior and lateral part of the manubrium?

A

Clavicular notch

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9
Q

What is the area called between the manubrium and body of the sternum?

A

Sternal Angle (Angle of Louis)

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10
Q

What are the notches where costal cartilage attach called?

How many of them are there?

A

Costal Notches: 7 in total

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11
Q

What costal notches are found on the manubrium?

A

1st Costal Notch

Half of 2nd Costal Notch

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12
Q

What costal notches are found on the body of sternum?

A

Half of 2nd Costal Notch
3rd-6th Costal Notches
Half of 7th Costal Notch

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13
Q

What costal notches are found on the xiphoid process?

A

Half of 7th Costal Notch

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14
Q

On the anterior surface of the sternum, what is the space between costal notches called?

A

Transverse Ridges

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15
Q

What is another name for ribs 1-7?

Why are they called so?

A

True (Vertebrocostal) Ribs: Attach directly to sternum via their own costal cartilage

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16
Q

What is another name for ribs 8-10?

Why are they called so?

A

False (Vertebrochondral) Ribs: Attach to sternum via Rib 7 costal cartilage

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17
Q

What is another name for ribs 11-12?

Why are they called so?

A

Floating (Vertebral) Ribs: Does not attach to sternum and does not have cartilage

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18
Q

What are the atypical ribs?

A

Ribs 1-2

Ribs 10-12

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19
Q

What are typical ribs?

A

Ribs 3-9

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20
Q

Where are ribs most frequently injured?

A

Anterior to costal angle

  • can damage organs
  • pain with respiration, coughing, laughing, and sneezing
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21
Q

A prominent feature on Rib 1 is the ______ tubercle.

A

Scalene tubercle

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22
Q

On Rib 1, there are two grooves separated by the scalene tubercle?
What are the grooves for?

A

Anterior: Subclavian Vein
Posterior: Subclavian Artery

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23
Q

A prominent feature on Rib 2 is the Tuberosity for the ______.

A

Tuberosity for the Serratus Anterior Muscle

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24
Q

What do ribs 10-12 lack compared to the rest of the ribs?

A

Only one articulating facet

No tubercle therefore no neck

25
Q

Supernumerary ribs can potentially cause what complication?

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

26
Q

What type of joint is the manubriosternal joint?

A

Symphysis

27
Q

What type of joint is the xiphisternal joint?

A

Synchondrosis

28
Q

What type of joint is the 1st sternocostal joint?

A

Synchondrosis

29
Q

What type of joint are the 2nd-7th sternocostal joints?

A

Planar Synovial Joint

30
Q

What ligaments support the sternocostal joints?

A

Anterior and Posterior Radiate Sternocostal Ligaments

31
Q

What type of joint is the costovertebral joint?

A

Planar Synovial Joint

32
Q

What does the costovertebral joint connect?

A

Head of the rib with the vertebral body

33
Q

What ligaments support the costovertebral joints?

A

Radiate Ligaments

Intraarticular Ligaments

34
Q

With what thoracic vertebrates will Rib 4 articulate with?

A

Inferior Costal Facet of T3

Superior Costal Facet of T4

35
Q

What does the costotransverse joint connect?

A

Tubercle of rib and transverse process of same vertebrate

36
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joints?

A

Superior Costotransverse Ligament

Lateral Costotransverse Ligament

37
Q

Where is the Superior Costotransverse Ligament found?

A

Transverse process one level above joint

38
Q

What type of joint is the costotransverse joint?

A

Planar Synovial

39
Q

Describe the bucket handle movement at the costovertebral joint.

A

Connects vertebra and sternum.

It is how the lateral part of the ribs move.

40
Q

Describe the pump handle movement at the costovertebral joint.

A

It is how the anterior part of the rib and sternum move, helping with breathing

41
Q

What type of joint is the costochondral joint?

A

Synchondrosis

42
Q

Where do rib dislocations happen?

A

Happens at sternocostal joints

43
Q

Where do rib separations happen?

A

Happens at costochondral joints

44
Q

Describe interchondral joints.

A

Where costal cartilage of ribs 8 and 9 meet up with costal cartilage of rib 7

45
Q

What type of joint is the interchondral joints at ribs 8 and 9?

A

Planar Synovial joint

46
Q

What type of joint is the interchondral joints at rib 10?

A

Fibrous Joint

47
Q

During inhalation, what intercostal muscles are used?

A

External intercostal muscles

-elevate ribs

48
Q

During exhalation, what intercostal muscles are used?

A

Internal intercostal muscles

-depress ribs

49
Q

External intercostal muscles become more membranous when it goes which direction?

A

More anterior

50
Q

Internal intercostal muscles become more membranous when it goes which direction?

A

More posterior

51
Q

How do you distinguish between innermost and internal intercostal muscles?

A

Look for neurovascular bundle

52
Q

What composes neurovascular bundle?

A

Posterior Intercostal Vein
Posterior Intercostal Artery
Intercostal Nerve

53
Q

Where does the neurovascular bundle travel?

A

Inferior edge of rib above on costal groove

54
Q

Where would you place your needle for a thoracentesis?

A

In middle of ribs to avoid neurovascular bundle

-Midaxillary line: 9th intercostal space (most likely)

55
Q

Where are transverse thoracic muscles found?

A

Posterior aspect of anterior thoracic wall

56
Q

What is the function of the transverse thoracis muscles?

A

Depress ribs (helps w/ exhalation)

57
Q

Where are subcostal muscles found?

A

Posterior thoracic wall

58
Q

What nerve innervates the intercostal muscles?

A

Intercostal nerve

Year 1: 08. CPR Exam 1 (29 decks)

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