Lecture 17: Normal ECG

Question 1

Where is P wave always inverted?

Answer 1

aVR

-since atria is depolarized right to left

Question 2

If the PR interval is not between 0.12-0.2 seconds, what can that be indicative of?

Answer 2

First AV nodal block

Question 3

If QRS complex is longer than 0.12 seconds, what can that be indicative of?

Answer 3

Bundle Branch Block

Hypertrophy

Question 4

If ST segment is depressed more than 0.5 mm, what can that mean?

Answer 4

Subendocardial injury

Question 5

If ST segment is elevated more than 0.5 mm, what can that mean?

Answer 5

Subepicardial injury

Question 6

What can abnormal QT intervals be associated with?

Answer 6

Myocardial ischemia, injury, or infarction

Question 7

What can an abnormal T wave be associated with?

Answer 7

Hyperkalemia

Question 8

If lead 1 and aVF are both positive, what is the axis?

Answer 8

Normal: 0-90 deg

Question 9

If lead 1 is negative and aVF is positive, what is the axis?

Answer 9

RAD: greater than 90 deg

-right axis deviation

Question 10

If lead 1 is positive and aVF is negative, what is the axis?

Answer 10

LAD: less than 0 deg

-left axis deviation

Question 11

What can cause left axis deviation?

Answer 11

Pregnancy
Tumor
Blocks
Chronic lung disease

Question 12

What can cause right axis deviation?

Answer 12

COPD

Chronic lung disease

Question 13

A fat, broad P wave can be indicative of what?

Answer 13

Mitral disease

Question 14

A flat P wave can be indicative of what?

Answer 14

P-pulmonale

-lung issue

Question 15

An inverted P wave can be indicative of what?

Answer 15

AV junctional rhythm

Question 16

What is tachycardia?

Answer 16

Heart Rate >100 bpm

Question 17

What is bradycardia?

Answer 17

Heart Rate <60 bpm

Question 18

What can no P waves indicate?

Answer 18

Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Junctional or ventricular escape rhythm
Junctional tachycardia
VT