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Anatomy Exam 1: Lectures 1-7 > Lecture 6: Nervous System Introduction, Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Nervous System Introduction, Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the nervous system?

A

sensory
motor
cognitive

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2
Q

What is the central nervous system?

A

unpaired, bilaterally symmetrical structures extending along the longitudinal axis of the midsagittal plane of the body.

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3
Q

What structure arises directly from the neural tube?

A

Central nervous system

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4
Q

What makes up the CNS?

A

brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system?

A

made up of transmission pathways carrying information between the CNS and external/internal environments

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6
Q

What does the afferent pathway do?

A

carry information to the CNS (sensory)

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7
Q

What does the efferent pathway do?

A

Carry information from the CNS (motor)

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8
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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9
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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10
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system?

A

Entirely motor, innervates smooth muscle and glands

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11
Q

What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

sympathetic or parasympathetic

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12
Q

What are the stages of neural tube development?

A

neural plate, neural folds, neural tube

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13
Q

What are the subdivisions of the cranial end of the neural tube?

A

tripartite brain and pentapartite brain

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14
Q

What are the stages of the brain development?

A

prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

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15
Q

What are the parts of the prosencephalon?

A

telencephalon and diencephalon

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16
Q

What are the parts of the rhombencephalon?

A

mesencephalon and myelencephalon

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17
Q

What are the derivatives of the telencephalon?

A

lateral ventricles, basal ganglia, olfactory lobes and nerves, cerebral hemispheres

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18
Q

What are the derivatives of the diencephalon?

A

third ventricle, epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus and infundibulum

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19
Q

What are the derivatives of the mesencephalon?

A 
cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius), tectum: corpora bigemina in lower vertebraes
corpora quadrigemina in higher vertebraes, tegmentum
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20
Q

What are the derivatives of the metencephalon?

A

part of fourth ventricle, cerebellum, pons

21
Q

What are the derivatives of the myencephalon?

A

rest of fourth ventricle, medulla oblongata, posterior choroid plexus

22
Q

nucleus

A

aggregation of dendrites and nerve cell bodies in CNS

23
Q

ganglion

A

aggregation of dendrites and nerve cell bodies in PNS

24
Q

nerve

A

bundle of fibers (axons) in PNS

25
Q

tract

A

bundle of fibers (axons) in CNS

26
Q

commissure

A

tract in the CNS that crosses from one side to the other

27
Q

white matter

A

areas of myelinated axons

28
Q

gray mattera

A

areas of unmyelinated axons, cell bodies, and dendrites

29
Q

What are spinal nerve branches?

A

dorsal primary ramus, ventral primary ramus, ramus reccurrens, white ramus communicans and gray ramus communicans

30
Q

What fibers make up the autonomic nervous system?

A

paravertebral ganglion, splanchnic nerve, prevertebral ganglion

31
Q

What are the contents of the axillary sheath?

A

axillary artery, axillary vein, brachial plexus

32
Q

What makes up the reflex arc?

A

afferent (sensory) pathways, efferent (motor) pathways, association neurons (interneurons)

33
Q

What makes up the synapse?

A

presynaptic membrane, synaptic cleft, postsynaptic membrane

34
Q

What does dorsal mean?

A

posterior

35
Q

What does ventral mean?

A

anterior

36
Q

What are the horns of a spinal cord?

A

gray matter

37
Q

What are the columns of the spinal cord?

A

white matter

38
Q

Where does the dorsal scapular nerve go to?

A

rhomboids

39
Q

Where does the long thoracic nerve go to?

A

serratus anterior

40
Q

Where does the supra scapular nerve go to?

A

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

41
Q

Where does the lateral pectoral nerve go to?

A

clavicular head of pectoralis major muscle

42
Q

Where does the medial pectoral nerve go to?

A

sternal head of pectoralis major muscle and pectoralis minor

43
Q

Where does the subscapualris nerve go to?

A

subscapularis

44
Q

Where does the thoracodorsal nerve go to?

A

latissimus dorsi

45
Q

Where does the lower subscapula nerve go to?

A

subscapuarlis and teres major

46
Q

Where does motor branches of the axillary nerve go to?

A

deltoid and teres mino

47
Q

Where does sensory branches of the axillary nerve go to?

A

skin on deltoid muscles, upper lateral cutaneous nerve

48
Q

Where does the motor branches of the radial nerve go to?

A

posterior compartment of arm and forearm

49
Q

Where doe the sensory branches of the radial nerve go to?

A

back of arm, forearm, hand

Anatomy Exam 1: Lectures 1-7 (9 decks)

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