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Anatomy Exam 1: Lectures 1-7 > Lecture 5: Axilla, Lateral Cervical Triangle > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Axilla, Lateral Cervical Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones of the pectoral region?

A

Clavicles
Sternum: manubrium, body, xiphoid
Ribs
Scapula

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2
Q

What are the functions of fascia in the pectoral region?

A

Defines borders
Invests muscles
Creates potential spaces

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3
Q

What are the structures associated with the superficial fascia?

A

Platysma
Supraclavicular nerves
Anterior and lateral branches of intercostal nerves

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4
Q

What are the borders of the delta pectoral triangle?

A

Deltoid
Pectoralis major
Middle 1/3 of clavicle

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5
Q

What are the contents of the delta pectoral triangle?

A

Cephalic vein
Deltopectoral lymph nodes
Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery

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6
Q

What is the clavipectoral fascia?

A

Invests subclavius and pectoralis minor

Attaches to clavicle and anterior thoracic wall

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7
Q

What pierces the clavipectoral fascia?

A

Cephalic vein, thoracoacromial and lateral pectoral nerves

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8
Q

What does the clavipectoral fascia turn into?

A

suspensory ligament of the axilla

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9
Q

What are the muscles of the pectoral region?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serrates anterior

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10
Q

What are the muscles of the pectoral region innervated by?

A

ventral rami of spinal nerves via the branches of the brachial plexus

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11
Q

What does the superficial fascia of the neck contain?

A

platysma, superficial veins, cutaneous nerves

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12
Q

What does the prevertebral fascia cover?

A

Muscles of the lateral triangle

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13
Q

Where the prevertebral fascia extend?

A

around anterior surface of the cervical vertebrae across anterior midline

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14
Q

What is the anterior boundary of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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15
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

anterior border of the trapezius

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16
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

clavicle

17
Q

What is the roof boundary of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

skin, superficial layer of deep cervical fascia (investing fascia)
splits to enclose trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

18
Q

What are the muscles of the lateral cervical triangle?

A 
Splenius capitis 
Levator scapulae 
Scalenus posterior 
Scalenus medius 
Scalenus anterior
Omohyoid
19
Q

What are the vascular and nerve contents of the lateral cervical triangle?

A 
Lesser occipital nerve (C2)
Supraclavicular nerve (C3, 4)
Accessory nerve (CN XI): to trapezius and SCM 
Occipital artery
Transverse cervical artery
Subclavian vein 
Subclavian artery
External jugular vein
20
Q

Describe the spinal root of the spinal accessory nerve

A

Arises form C1-C5

Fibers pass superiorly through foramen magnum and join cranial root

21
Q

Where does the cranial root of the spinal accessory nerve arise from?

A

arises from medulla

22
Q

What does the spinal root fo the accessory nerve innervate?

A

SCM and trapezius

23
Q

What are the boundaries of the base of the axilla?

A

Posterior: latissimus dorsi
Medial: thoracic wall
Lateral: humorous

24
Q

What are the boundaries of the apex of the axilla?

A

Anterior: clavicle
Posterior: superior border of the scapula
Medial: first rib

25
Q

What is in the base of the axilla?

A

Skin and superficial fascia, anterior axillary fold, posterior axillary fold, chest wall: serrates anterior

26
Q

What is in the anterior wall of the axilla?

A

Clavicle
Subclavius
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor

27
Q

What is in the posterior wall of the axilla?

A

Scapula
Subscapularis
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

28
Q

What is in the lateral wall of the axilla?

A

Inter tubercular sulcus
Tendon of long head of biceps
Coracobrachilais tendon

29
Q

What muscle makes up the anterior axillary fold?

A

pectoralis major

30
Q

What muscles makes up the posterior axillary fold?

A

Latissimus dorsi, teres major

31
Q

Major nerves and vessels in the axilla?

A 
Axillary vein and artery
Cephalic vein and basilic vein
Axillary lymph nodes
Long thoracic nerve
Cords of brachial plexus
Proximal ends of terminal nerves of brachial plexus

Anatomy Exam 1: Lectures 1-7 (9 decks)

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