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MIIM20002 - Microbes, Infections, Responses > Lecture 6 - Gastrointestinal Disease 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 - Gastrointestinal Disease 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What can light microscopy show us when investigating GIT disease?

A

Cysts
‘Pus’ cells –> inflammation
Parasites

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2
Q

What can electron microscopy show us when investigating GIT disease?

A

Viruses

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3
Q

Describe the process of Latex agglutination / EIA / ELISA?

A
  1. Known Ab place on bottom
  2. Unbound sites blocked
  3. Antigen added from sample
  4. Known Ab with conjugated enzyme added
  5. Substrate for enzyme added
  6. Colour is read
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4
Q

What are routine media?

A

DCA

MAC

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5
Q

What are specialised media?

A

CAMP
BCSA
BP
CIN

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6
Q

What are enrichment media?

A

Selenite broth

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7
Q

How would we first identify significant isolates?

A

Biochemical tests

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8
Q

How would we confirm the pathogen?

A

Serological tests

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9
Q

How do we compare strains?

A

Phage typing

PFGE

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10
Q

How do we look for specific virulence determinants?

A

PCR

Gel electrophoresis

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11
Q

What are the features of Enterobacteriaceae?

A

GNR
Ox. Negative
Fermenters

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12
Q

What are the features of Vibrio (Vibrionaceae)?

A

GN (curved) R
Ox. positive
Fermenters
Motile

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13
Q

What are the features of Campylobacter (Vibrionaceae)?

A

GN (curved) R
Oc. positive
LNF

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14
Q

What does MAC allow to grow?

A

E. coli

Salmonella, Shigella

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15
Q

How do we differentiate between E. coli, Shigella and Salmonella on MAC?

A

Lactose fermenters –> pink (E. coli)

LNF –> Yellow / colourless (Salmonella, Shigella)

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16
Q

What does DCA allow to grow?

A

Similar to MAC

Salmonella: black dot

17
Q

What do we do after culture on routine media?

A

Look for suspicious colonies:
LNF: Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia

These are not normal flora of the gut

18
Q

What does Selenite broth allow to grow?

A

Salmonella spp. –> brick red

19
Q

What does BP select for?

A

Staphylococcus aureus –> black with zone of clearing

20
Q

What does BCSA select for?

A

Bacillus cereus –> blue + white precipitate

21
Q

What does CAMP select for?

A

Campylobacter

22
Q

Describe how an agglutination reaction works

A

Bacteria + antibody –> visibly agglutinates

23
Q

What is phage typing used for?

A

To determine the source: same phage types –> same source?

24
Q

Describe the process of phage typing

A
  1. Lawn culture of bacteria applied to plate
  2. Panel of phages dotted onto a grid
  3. Incubation of plate
  4. Pattern of areas of lysis read
  5. Phage type assigned
25
Q

What bacteria is phage typing used for?

A

Salmonella

S. aureus

26
Q

What is PCR used for?

A

Determining the presence of specific virulence determinants

eg. LT, ST and bfp

MIIM20002 - Microbes, Infections, Responses (32 decks)

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