Lecture 6 - Femoral Triangle

Question 1

What nerves make up the lumbar plexus?

Answer 1

Iliohypogastric, ilioinguinalm genitofemoral, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, lumbosacral trunk, femoral and obturator.

Question 2

How does the sciatic and gluteal nerves and vessels transition to the lower limb?

Answer 2

Via greater sciatic foramen.

Question 3

How does the femoral nerve and vessels transition to the lower limb?

Answer 3

Via subinguinal space.

Question 4

How does the obturator nerve and vessels transition to the lower limb?

Answer 4

Via obturator canal.

Question 5

Where does the femoral nerve branch from and where does it supply?

Answer 5

Posterior divisions L2, 3, 4, it supplies the anterior thigh.

Question 6

Where does the obturator nerve branch from and where does it supply?

Answer 6

Anterior divisions L2, 3, 4, it supplies the medial thigh.

Question 7

What nerves give rise to the sciatic nerve?

Answer 7

Lumbosacral trunk and the scaral nerve.

Question 8

What is the root of the lumbosacral trunk?

Answer 8

L4/5.

Question 9

What is the root of the sacral nerve?

Answer 9

S1, 2, 3.

Question 10

Where is the sacral nerve?

Answer 10

Posterior thigh.

Question 11

What does the sacral nerve supply?

Answer 11

Branches supply leg and foot.

Question 12

What superficial structures are around the femur?

Answer 12

Superficial veins and lymph nodes, cutaneous nerves and deep fascia.

Question 13

What are the main superficial veins of the lower limb?

Answer 13

Great and short saphenous veins.

Question 14

What are the accessory superficial veins of the lower limb?

Answer 14

Epigastric vein, circumflex iliac vein, and accessory saphenous.

Question 15

What do the lateral horizontal group of the superficial inguinal nodes drain?

Answer 15

Drain posterior abdominal wall.

Question 16

What do the medial horizontal group of the superficial inguinal nodes drain?

Answer 16

Medial nodes drain anterior abdominal wall and lower half anal canal.

Question 17

What does the vertical group of superficial inguinal nodes drain?

Answer 17

Superficial lower limb.

Question 18

What is the root of the lateral cutaneous branch?

Answer 18

T12.

Question 19

What are the roots of the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh?

Answer 19

L2, 3.

Question 20

What are the roots of the anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve?

Answer 20

L2, 3, 4.

Question 21

What are the roots of the femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve?

Answer 21

L1, 2.

Question 22

What are the roots of the cutaneous branch of the obturator nerve?

Answer 22

L2, 3, 4.

Question 23

Why is the fasciae latae thickened laterally?

Answer 23

To form the iliotibial tract.

Question 24

What does the iliac tubercle articulate with?

Answer 24

The anterolateral tibial tubercle.

Question 25

What does the deep fascia of the lower limb do?

Answer 25

Helps support the femur on the tibia when standing.

Question 26

What is the femoral triangle?

Answer 26

Triangular shape on anterior upper thigh.

Question 27

What creates the roof of the femoral triangle?

Answer 27

Fasciae Latea, cribriform fascia, subcutaneous tissue, skin.

Question 28

What passes through the saphenous hiatus?

Answer 28

Cribirform fascia, great saphenous vein drains to femoral vein.

Question 29

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

Answer 29

Inguinal ligament (base), sartorius (laterally) and adductor longus (medially).

Question 30

What makes the floor of the femoral triangle?

Answer 30

Iliopsoas and pectineus.

Question 31

What does the femoral triangle contain?

Answer 31

Femoral nerve, artery and vein.

Question 32

What is the femoral sheath?

Answer 32

Fascia surrounding vascular structures.

Question 33

What makes up the femoral sheath?

Answer 33

Transversalis and ilipsoas fascia, and adventitia of femoral vessels.

Question 34

What is the femoral canal?

Answer 34

Potential space medially within femoral sheath.

Question 35

What does the femoral canal contain?

Answer 35

Contains fat and lymphatics.