Lecture 2 - Male Pelvic Contents and the Anal Triangle Flashcards
What is the Vas Deferens?
A muscular tube.
What is the inguinal canal?
A slit in the anterior muscles of the abdominal wall above the medial half of the inguinal ligament that contains the spermatic cord and the ilioinguinal nerve
What does the Vas Deferens do?
Joins duct from the seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct.
Where does the Vas Deferens run?
Into the prostate to meet the urethra.
How long is a seminal vesicle?
About 5cm long, but 10-15cm long.
What does a seminal vesicle do?
Secretes the liquid component of semen and fructose.
Where is the prostate gland?
Inferior to the bladder.
What does the prostate gland produce?
Proteolytic enzymes and acid phosphatase.
What vessels are contained in the prostate gland?
Parts of the urethra and ejaculatory ducts.
What arteries supply the prostate gland?
Internal pudenal, middle rectal and inferior vesicle arteries.
What is the venous drainage of the prostate?
Deep dorsal of the penis –> Plexus –> Internal iliac.
What is the function of the puboprostatic ligament?
Supporting the prostate gland.
What is the levator prostatae?
Part of the the levator ani muscle group, which acts to separate the base of the pelvic cavity from the ischiorectal fossa lying inferiorly.
What part of the prostate does prostatic enlargement affect?
Can affect all or part of the prostate.
Is enlargement of the prostate benign or malignant?
Can be either.
Where does lymph from the testicles drain to?
Aortic nodes at root of testicular artery.
Where does lymph from the skin of the penis and wall of the scrotum drain to?
Superficial inguinal nodes.
What is the anal triangle?
Posterior half of the perineum.
What are the boundaries of the anal triangle?
The coccyx, sacrotuberous ligaments, and a theoretical line between the ischial tuberosities.
What forms the walls of the ischioanal (Rectal) fossa?
Ischial tuberostiy rectal/anal canal.
What forms the roof of the ischioanal (Rectal) fossa?
Levator ani (pelvic diaphragm).
What forms the floor of the ischioanal (Rectal) fossa?
Skin.
What does the ischioanal (Rectal) fossa contain?
Branches of the pudendal nerve, artery, vein, and adipose tissue.
What is the anal canal?
Terminal segment of the large intestine between the rectum and anus, below the level of the pelvic diaphragm.
What kind of muscle is the external anal sphincter?
Skeletal muscle.
What is the external anal sphincter attached to?
The muscle enters into the perineal body and attached to the anococcygeal ligament.
What is the function of the external anal sphincter?
Closes the anus, rectal control aided by the puborectalis.
What is the nervous supply of the external anal sphincter?
Pudendal nerve (S2-4), inferior rectal branch.
What is the arterial supply of the rectum and anus?
Superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries, and the internal pudendal artery.
Where does lymph superior to the pectinate line drain to?
Internal iliac nodes.
Where does lymph inferior to the pectinate line drain to?
Superficial inguinal nodes.
What type of nerve fibres innervate superior to the pectinate line?
Visceral motor (mixed sympathetic and parasympathetic) and sensory.
What type of nerve fibres innervate inferior to the pectinate line?
Somatic motor and sensory.
