Lecture 4 - Pelvic Nerves and Vessels Flashcards
What section of the spine to the roots of the main pelvic nerves come from?
L4-S5.
What is the main nerve of the pelvis?
Sciatic.
What is the main artery of the pelvis?
Pudendal.
What is the root of the sciatic nerve and where is it?
L4,5, S1-3 - In the posterior compartment of the thigh.
What does the sciatic nerve supply?
Its branches supply all muscles of the leg and foot.
What is the root of the superior gluteal nerve?
L4,5, and S1.
What does the gluteal nerve branch into?
Gluteal to gluteus minimus and medius.
What is the root of the inferior gluteal nerve?
L5, S1 and S2.
What is the root of the nerve supplying the obturator internus?
Direct L5-S1.
What is the root of the nerve supplying the piriformis?
Direct from S1-2.
What nerves supply the levator ani?
Direct and pudendal.
What nerve supplies the coccygeus?
Direct S4-5.
What is the root of the pudendal nerve?
S2-4.
What does the pudendal nerve innervate?
Levator ani, external anal and external urethral sohincters, bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus.
What type of fibres make up the pudendal nerve?
Motor and sensory.
What does the sympathetic division of the ANS control in the pelvis?
Rectum – decrease movement, contract internal anal and urethral sphincters, relax bladder detrusor, ejaculation – Contract ductus deferens and seminal vesicles, uterus – Relax/contract (hormonal) and vasoconstriction of arteries.
Where does parasympathetic control of the pelvis come from?
Pelvic spalchnic nerves, S2-4.
What does the parasympathetic division of the ANS control in the pelvis?
Increase motility rectum and anal canal, relax internal anal sphincter, bladder = Contracts detrusor and inhibits contraction of internal sphinchter, and vasodilation of arteries – Erection
What nerves supply the penis, what fibres are they made up of, and what are their origins?
Dorsal nerve of penis (pudendal nerve) - somatic sensory and sympathetic, and cavernous nerves (prostatic nerve plexus) - parasympathetic.
What type of fibres make up the pudendal nerve?
Somatic sensory and sympathetic.
In males, what nerve supplies the perineal muscles, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?
Perineal branch (Pudendal nerve) - Somatic motor.
What nerves supply the scrotum, what fibres are they made from and what are their origins?
Anterior (Ilioinguinal and genitofemoral) - somatic sensory, and posterior scrotal (Perineal branch of pudendal) - Somatic sensory.
In females, what nerve supplies the anterior perineum, what fibres is it made of, and what is its origin?
Anterior labial (Somatic sensory)– ilioinguinal and genitofemoral origin.
In females, what nerve supplies the posterior perineum, what fibres is it made of and what is its origin?
Perineal branch (Pudendal, posterior cutaneous of the thigh) - Somatic sernsory.
What nerve supplies the labia, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?
Posterior labial (Pudendal) - Somatic sensory.
What nerve supplies the orifice of the vagina, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?
Deep branch (Pudendal) - Somatic sensory.
In females, what nerve supplies the perineal (superficial) muscles, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?
Muscular branches (Pudendal) - Somatic motor.
What nerve supplies the clitoris and deep perineal muscles, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?
Dorsal nerve of clitoris (Pudendal) - Somatic motor and sensory.
What nerve supplies the bulb of vestibule and clitoris, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?
Cavernous nerves (Utero-vaginal plexus) - Parasympathetic.
Where do the sensory fibres of the Ilioinguinal, genitofermoral and pudendal go?
To the anterior skin.
Where else does the sensory fibres of the pudendal go?
Genitalia.
What happens to the aorta at L4?
It divides into the 2 common iliac arteries.
What does each common iliac artery divide into?
Internal and external iliac branches.
What is the main blood supply of the pelvis?
Internal iliac arteries.
What does each internal iliac artery divide into?
An anterior and posterior division.
What are the branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac arteries?
Umbilical (gives rise to superior vesical), obturator, inferior gluteal, internal pudendal, middle rectal, inferior vesical
In males, what does the inferior vesical and middle rectal supply?
Prostate, seminal vesicles and ducuts deferens.
What do the testicular arteries branch from?
Abdominal aorta at L2.
Where do the ovarian arteries branch from?
Abdominal aorta at L2.
What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac?
Iliolumbar, lateral sacral and superior gluteal.
What does the obturator artery supply and what is its origin?
Pelvic muscles, head of femur, ilium - Internal iliac.
What does the superior vesical artery supply and what is its origin?
Superior aspect bladder, ductus deferens - Umbilical.
What does the ductus deferens artery supply and what is its origin?
Ductus deferens - Superior/inferior vesical.
What does the inferior vesical artery supply and what is its origin?
Urinary bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle, prostate - Internal Iliac.
What does the middle rectal artery supply and what is its origin?
Rectum, seminal vesicle, prostate - Internal Iliac.
What does the internal pudendal artery supply and what is its origin?
Perineum and anal canal - Internal Iliac.
What does the inferior gluteal artery supply and what is its origin?
Levator ani, coccygeus, piriformis and gluteal - Internal Iliac.
What does the uterine artery supply and what is its origin?
Ureter, uterus, vagina - Internal Iliac.
What does the vaginal artery supply and what is its origin?
Vagina, bladder - Uterine.
What does the iliolumbar artery supply and what is its origin?
Cauda equina, iliacus, psoas, quadratus lumborum - Internal Iliac (Posterior).
What does the lateral sacral artery supply and what is its origin?
Vertebral canal, piriformis - Internal Iliac (Posterior).
What type of fibres make up the prostatic nerve plexus?
Parasympathetic.
