Lecture 6

Question 1

why are environmental problems one of the greatest problems we face today?

CEG

Answer 1

1. they have the greatest potential for catastrophic results
2. economy is set up to resist environmental protection
3. it is a global problem that requires a global solution but nations are more competitive than cooperative

Question 2

what is drawdown?

Answer 2

when the effects of global warming begin to decrease on a year to year basis

Question 3

what escalated environmental problems?

GEP

Answer 3

1. The growing human population creates greater strain on the environment
2. exploiting natural resources
3. not prioritizing the environment over the economy

Question 4

what is an externality?

Answer 4

a side effect of an action that affects someone else, and it’s not reflected in the costs or benefits of that action

Question 5

what is a regulation?

Answer 5

a rule of law that aims to restrict certain actions

Question 6

what is path dependency?

Answer 6

the tendency to stay in current trajectories rather than change to a new one

Question 7

what is evolutionary sociology theory?

Answer 7

shows societies change from simple beginnings to even more complex ones

Question 8

what is the moral foundation for harm and care?

Answer 8

the ability to empathize with others

Question 9

what is the moral foundation of fairness and reciprocity?

Answer 9

treating others fairly

Question 9

what is the moral foundation theory of in-group loyalty?

Answer 9

we differ in who we consider our in group

Question 10

what is nationalism?

Answer 10

identifying with ones own nation

Question 11

what is cosmopolitan?

Answer 11

believing that you are a citizen of the world

Question 12

what is the moral foundation theory of authority and respect?

Answer 12

we differ in who we choose to respect as authority

Question 13

what is the moral foundation theory of purity and sanctity?

Answer 13

staying away from things that violate the idea of purity

Question 14

what parts of the moral foundation theory are under individualizing?

Answer 14

care and fairness

Question 15

what parts of the moral foundation theory are under bonding?

Answer 15

authority, purity, in group loyalty

Question 16

what is immediacy bias?

Answer 16

when people focus on the immediate issue to get instant gratification rather than the long term issue

Question 17

what is affinity or in-group bias?

Answer 17

tendency to gravitate to people that align with you own beliefs and background

Question 18

what are echo chambers?

Answer 18

when a person is in an environment that only has his or her beliefs

Question 19

what is the primary critique of capitalism?

Answer 19

the unchecked power of money

Question 20

who created the competition as an external coercive law?

Answer 20

Karl Marx

Question 21

what is competition as ‘external coercive law?

Answer 21

businesses with the most money and power tend to run smaller corporations out of business

Question 22

what is an unfair share solution?

Answer 22

despite one person not carrying their own weight, the rest of the people in the group do the work otherwise

Question 23

what is the everyone loses solution?

Answer 23

when one person decides not the put in the work so everyone else does the same

Question 24

what are social contracts?

Answer 24

when all parties in a situation require trust

Question 25

what is violent enforcement?

Answer 25

when one person does not want to put in work so violence is used to enforce the rules