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Microbiology and Immunology > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the two types of mycobacterium

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium leprae

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2
Q

What kind of bacteria is resistant to gram stain and disinfectants

A

Mycobacteria

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3
Q

Why is mycobacteria unable to undergo gram stain

A

Because of it’s waxy coat

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4
Q

Why is mycobacteria resistant to disinfectants

A

Because of its waxy coat

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5
Q

What staining technique must be used on mycobacteria

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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6
Q

What bacteria requires the Ziehl-Neelson staining technique

A

Mycobacteria

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7
Q

How long does it take to see colonies on a plate with mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

4-6 weeks

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8
Q

What oxygen requirements does mycobacterium tuberculosis have

A

Obligate aerobe

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9
Q

mycobacterium tuberculosis is a _______ ________ parasite

A

Facultative intracellular

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10
Q

What should you use for the first line of diagnosis for mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Microscopy of sputum spmears

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11
Q

Where is tuberculin solution injected to chekc for immunity for TB

A

Intradermally

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12
Q

What is the name of the tuberculosis test

A

Mantoux test

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13
Q

What bacteria causes leprosy

A

Mycobacterium leprae

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14
Q

What are the two forms of leprosy

A

Tuberculoid leprosy
Lepromatous leprosy

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15
Q

Name the disease:
Visible nerve enlargement
Few bacilli in infected tissue
Low infectivity

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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16
Q

Name the disease:
Lots of erythromatous nodules
Lots of bacilli in infected tissue
High infectivity

A

lepromatous leprosy

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17
Q

What are the two forms of spirochetes

A

Treponema pallidum
Borrelia Burgdorferi

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18
Q

What does treponema pallidum cause

A

Syphillus

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19
Q

What does borrelia burgdorferi cause

A

Lyme disease

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20
Q

What insects carry borrelia burgdorferi

A

Ticks

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21
Q

What form of microscopy should be used to see treponema pallidum

A

Dark field microscopy

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22
Q

Is treponema pallidum gram positive or negative

A

Negative

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23
Q

What are the four stages of syphillus

A

Primary
Secondary
Latent
Late

24
Q

How long after infection does a chancre appear with syphillus

A

3-4 weeks

25
Q

What stage of syphilis includes a chancre

A

Primary

26
Q

What stage of syphilis has a rash appear

A

Secondary

27
Q

How long after the appearance of a chancre with syphilis does a rash appear

A

6 weeks

28
Q

What may occur in the latent stage of syphilis

A

Congenital infection

29
Q

In what stage of syphilis would you see obliterative endarteritis

A

Late stage

30
Q

What do you use for diagnosis of Lyme disease

A

Serology tests

31
Q

You wont see a positive serology result for how long after Lyme disease infection

A

first 2-4 weeks

32
Q

Is there a vaccine for Lyme disease

A

Yup :)

33
Q

Why can chlamydiae not be grown on artificial media

A

It cannot make its own ATP or energy

34
Q

What bacteria has two forms in its life cycle

A

Chlamydiae

35
Q

What are the two forms of chlamydiae

A

Elementary body
Reticulate body

36
Q

What form of chlamydiae is the infectious form

A

Elementary body

37
Q

What form of chlamydiae is the one responsible for replication and growth

A

Reticulate body

38
Q

Elementary body and reticulate body represents what bacteria

A

Chlamydiae

39
Q

What is the most common std in canada and the US

A

Chlamydiae

40
Q

What is the STD type of chlamydiae

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

41
Q

What can chlamydiae cause in the two genders

A

Male: urethritis
Female: cervicitis

42
Q

Many patients of what STD are asymptomatic and untreated

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

43
Q

What is the leading cause of blindness in certain countries overseas

A

Chronic ocular infection due to chlamydia

44
Q

What can cause conjunctivitis in newborns

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

45
Q

What form of chlamydia is a bird pathogen

A

Chlamydia psittaci

46
Q

What is the smallest free-living bacterium

A

Mycoplasmas

47
Q

What kind of bacteria lack a true cell wall

A

Mycoplasma

48
Q

What type of bacteria is a part of your normal flora of genital tract and orophayrnx

A

Mycoplasma

49
Q

What are the two types of mycoplasma

A

Genital mycoplasma
Mycoplasma pneumoniae

50
Q

What kind of mycoplasma is more common in younger indivials

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

51
Q

What is the primary cause of atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

52
Q

Rate of colonisation of what bacteria increases with number of sexual partners

A

Genital mycoplasma

53
Q

What are the four levels of fungal infections

A

Superficial
Cutaneous
Subcutaneous
Systemic

54
Q

What is the mycotoxin produced with aspergillus flavus

A

Aflatoxin

55
Q

What is aspergillus flavus

A

Funal shit

Microbiology and Immunology (10 decks)

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