Lecture 6 Flashcards
What are the two types of mycobacterium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium leprae
What kind of bacteria is resistant to gram stain and disinfectants
Mycobacteria
Why is mycobacteria unable to undergo gram stain
Because of it’s waxy coat
Why is mycobacteria resistant to disinfectants
Because of its waxy coat
What staining technique must be used on mycobacteria
Ziehl-Neelsen
What bacteria requires the Ziehl-Neelson staining technique
Mycobacteria
How long does it take to see colonies on a plate with mycobacterium tuberculosis
4-6 weeks
What oxygen requirements does mycobacterium tuberculosis have
Obligate aerobe
mycobacterium tuberculosis is a _______ ________ parasite
Facultative intracellular
What should you use for the first line of diagnosis for mycobacterium tuberculosis
Microscopy of sputum spmears
Where is tuberculin solution injected to chekc for immunity for TB
Intradermally
What is the name of the tuberculosis test
Mantoux test
What bacteria causes leprosy
Mycobacterium leprae
What are the two forms of leprosy
Tuberculoid leprosy
Lepromatous leprosy
Name the disease:
Visible nerve enlargement
Few bacilli in infected tissue
Low infectivity
Tuberculoid leprosy
Name the disease:
Lots of erythromatous nodules
Lots of bacilli in infected tissue
High infectivity
lepromatous leprosy
What are the two forms of spirochetes
Treponema pallidum
Borrelia Burgdorferi
What does treponema pallidum cause
Syphillus
What does borrelia burgdorferi cause
Lyme disease
What insects carry borrelia burgdorferi
Ticks
What form of microscopy should be used to see treponema pallidum
Dark field microscopy
Is treponema pallidum gram positive or negative
Negative
What are the four stages of syphillus
Primary
Secondary
Latent
Late
How long after infection does a chancre appear with syphillus
3-4 weeks
What stage of syphilis includes a chancre
Primary
What stage of syphilis has a rash appear
Secondary
How long after the appearance of a chancre with syphilis does a rash appear
6 weeks
What may occur in the latent stage of syphilis
Congenital infection
In what stage of syphilis would you see obliterative endarteritis
Late stage
What do you use for diagnosis of Lyme disease
Serology tests
You wont see a positive serology result for how long after Lyme disease infection
first 2-4 weeks
Is there a vaccine for Lyme disease
Yup :)
Why can chlamydiae not be grown on artificial media
It cannot make its own ATP or energy
What bacteria has two forms in its life cycle
Chlamydiae
What are the two forms of chlamydiae
Elementary body
Reticulate body
What form of chlamydiae is the infectious form
Elementary body
What form of chlamydiae is the one responsible for replication and growth
Reticulate body
Elementary body and reticulate body represents what bacteria
Chlamydiae
What is the most common std in canada and the US
Chlamydiae
What is the STD type of chlamydiae
Chlamydia trachomatis
What can chlamydiae cause in the two genders
Male: urethritis
Female: cervicitis
Many patients of what STD are asymptomatic and untreated
Chlamydia trachomatis
What is the leading cause of blindness in certain countries overseas
Chronic ocular infection due to chlamydia
What can cause conjunctivitis in newborns
Chlamydia trachomatis
What form of chlamydia is a bird pathogen
Chlamydia psittaci
What is the smallest free-living bacterium
Mycoplasmas
What kind of bacteria lack a true cell wall
Mycoplasma
What type of bacteria is a part of your normal flora of genital tract and orophayrnx
Mycoplasma
What are the two types of mycoplasma
Genital mycoplasma
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What kind of mycoplasma is more common in younger indivials
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What is the primary cause of atypical pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Rate of colonisation of what bacteria increases with number of sexual partners
Genital mycoplasma
What are the four levels of fungal infections
Superficial
Cutaneous
Subcutaneous
Systemic
What is the mycotoxin produced with aspergillus flavus
Aflatoxin
What is aspergillus flavus
Funal shit
