Lecture 5 - Only gram negative bacilli

Question 1

What are the four major groups of Enterics

Answer 1

Enterobacteriaceae
Vibrionaceae
Pseudomonadaceae
Bacterioidaceae

Question 2

What are the biochemical classifications for gram negative bacilli

Answer 2

Ability to ferment lactose
H2S production
Hydrolysis of urea
Liquefy gelatin
Decarboxylation of amino acids`

Question 3

What are the three surface antigens used to classify enterics

Answer 3

Variable O antigen
K-antigen
H-antigen

Question 4

What is the variable O-antigen

Answer 4

outermost layer of LPS

Question 5

What does the k-antigen do

Answer 5

Covers the O antigen

Question 6

What kind of bacteria would you find the H antigen in

Answer 6

Motile bacteria

Question 7

What family is salmonellae in

Answer 7

Enterobacteriaceae

Question 8

Is salmonella able to ferment lactose

Answer 8

NO

Question 9

Humans are the only host of what species of salmonellae

Answer 9

S. enterica serovar typhi

Question 10

What are the two species of salmonellael

Answer 10

S. enterica
S. bongori

Question 11

What two types of salmonella causes enterocolitis

Answer 11

S. enterica serovar enteritidis
S. enterica serovar typhimurium

Question 12

What two types of salmonellae causes enteric fever

Answer 12

S. enterica serovar Typhi
S. enterica serovar Paratyphi

Question 13

How long is the recovery period for Enterocolitis

Answer 13

2-3 days

Question 14

Are antibiotics recommended for enterocolitis

Answer 14

NO

Question 15

Enterocolitis is also known as:

Answer 15

Tummy troubles lol

Question 16

What does S. enterica serovar Typhi cause

Answer 16

Typhoid fever

Question 17

What does S. enterica serovar paratyphi cause

Answer 17

Paratyphoid fever

Question 18

Which is worse: Typhoid fever or paratyphoid fever

Answer 18

Typhoid fever

Question 19

What is the mortality rate of untreated enteric fever

Answer 19

10%

Question 20

What are the two types of carriers for enteric fever

Answer 20

Convalescent carriers
Chronic carriers

Question 21

How long do convalescent carriers of enteric fever excrete bacteria

Answer 21

3 months

Question 22

How long do chronic carriers of enteric fever excrete bacteria

Answer 22

At least 6 months, could be lifelong

Question 23

What two things are used to diagnose enteric fever and when

Answer 23

Blood - first week
Stool and urine - second and third week

Question 24

What is the infective dose for enteric fever

Answer 24

10^6 organisms

Question 25

Is there a vaccine for enteric fever

Answer 25

Yes, but only helpful against a small amount of organisms

Question 26

What is the most numerous aerobic bacteria of normal gut flora

Answer 26

Escherichia coli

Question 27

Does Escherichia coli ferment lactose

Answer 27

Yes

Question 28

What are the four kinds of E coli

Answer 28

Enteroinvasive E coli Enterotoxigenic E coli Enteropathogenic E coli E coli 0157:H7

Question 29

What form of E coli is responsible for travellers diarrhoea

Answer 29

Enterotoxigenic

Question 30

What form of E coli is responsible for infant diarrhoea in developing countries

Answer 30

Enterotoxigenic

Question 31

What form of E coli is known as Hamburger disease

Answer 31

0157:H7

Question 32

What are the two types of Shigellae

Answer 32

S. Sonnei S. dysenteriae

Question 33

What form of shigellae causes severe illness

Answer 33

S. dysenteriae

Question 34

What form of shigella is found in the tropics

Answer 34

S. dysenteriae

Question 35

What form of shigella is found in europe and north america

Answer 35

S. sonnei

Question 36

Is there a vaccine for shigellae

Answer 36

NO

Question 37

Does shigella ferment lactose

Answer 37

Nada

Question 38

How many organisms does it take to infect from shigellae

Answer 38

Very small number

Question 39

What bacteria causes Cholera

Answer 39

Vibrio cholerae

Question 40

How much water loss occurs with cholera

Answer 40

10-15 L

Question 41

How does cholera causes intense diarrhea (3 steps)

Answer 41

Enterotoxin binds cells in small intestine Cells secrete chlorides and lowers sodium absorption Water accumulates in gut which leads to watery diarrhea

Question 42

What are the two forms of campylobacter

Answer 42

C. jejuni C. coli

Question 43

What bacteria is a major cause of human enteritis

Answer 43

Campylobacter

Question 44

What bacteria is normal flora in birds and domestic animals

Answer 44

Campylobacter

Question 45

What are two causes of travellers diarrhea

Answer 45

Campylobacter Enterotoxigenic E coli

Question 46

What are the two forms of pseudomonas

Answer 46

Aeruginosa Cepacia

Question 47

What bactiera is the respiratory pathogen of cystic fibrosis patients

Answer 47

Pseudomonas

Question 48

What form of bacteria is of major concern to burn patients

Answer 48

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 49

What bacteria is a common contaminant of saline solutions and water

Answer 49

Pseudomonas cepacia

Question 50

Name the bacteria: Normal nasopharyngeal flora Causes invasive infections of young children Vaccine available

Answer 50

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 51

C. sakazakii is a form of what bacteria

Answer 51

Cronobacter

Question 52

Cronobacter can cause what kind of infections

Answer 52

Nosocomial

Question 53

What bacteria is the most common cause of stomach ulcers

Answer 53

Helicobacter pylori

Question 54

Name the bacteria: Microaerophillic Spiral bacilli

Answer 54

Helicobacter pylori

Question 55

What bacteria causes whooping cough

Answer 55

Bordetella pertussis

Question 56

Is there a vaccine for bordetella pertussis

Answer 56

Yep - you got it literally the other day

Question 57

What bacteria causes legionnaires disease

Answer 57

Legionella pneumophila

Question 58

Name that bacteria: Found in moist habitats and water Antibiotic resistant

Answer 58

Pseudomonas

Question 59

Name that bacteria: Grows in water Exposure by aerosol NO person to person transmission

Answer 59

Legionella pneumophilia