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Microbiology and Immunology > Lecture 5 - Only gram negative bacilli > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - Only gram negative bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four major groups of Enterics

A

Enterobacteriaceae
Vibrionaceae
Pseudomonadaceae
Bacterioidaceae

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2
Q

What are the biochemical classifications for gram negative bacilli

A

Ability to ferment lactose
H2S production
Hydrolysis of urea
Liquefy gelatin
Decarboxylation of amino acids`

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3
Q

What are the three surface antigens used to classify enterics

A

Variable O antigen
K-antigen
H-antigen

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4
Q

What is the variable O-antigen

A

outermost layer of LPS

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5
Q

What does the k-antigen do

A

Covers the O antigen

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6
Q

What kind of bacteria would you find the H antigen in

A

Motile bacteria

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7
Q

What family is salmonellae in

A

Enterobacteriaceae

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8
Q

Is salmonella able to ferment lactose

A

NO

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9
Q

Humans are the only host of what species of salmonellae

A

S. enterica serovar typhi

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10
Q

What are the two species of salmonellael

A

S. enterica
S. bongori

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11
Q

What two types of salmonella causes enterocolitis

A

S. enterica serovar enteritidis
S. enterica serovar typhimurium

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12
Q

What two types of salmonellae causes enteric fever

A

S. enterica serovar Typhi
S. enterica serovar Paratyphi

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13
Q

How long is the recovery period for Enterocolitis

A

2-3 days

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14
Q

Are antibiotics recommended for enterocolitis

A

NO

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15
Q

Enterocolitis is also known as:

A

Tummy troubles lol

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16
Q

What does S. enterica serovar Typhi cause

A

Typhoid fever

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17
Q

What does S. enterica serovar paratyphi cause

A

Paratyphoid fever

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18
Q

Which is worse: Typhoid fever or paratyphoid fever

A

Typhoid fever

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19
Q

What is the mortality rate of untreated enteric fever

A

10%

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20
Q

What are the two types of carriers for enteric fever

A

Convalescent carriers
Chronic carriers

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21
Q

How long do convalescent carriers of enteric fever excrete bacteria

A

3 months

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22
Q

How long do chronic carriers of enteric fever excrete bacteria

A

At least 6 months, could be lifelong

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23
Q

What two things are used to diagnose enteric fever and when

A

Blood - first week
Stool and urine - second and third week

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24
Q

What is the infective dose for enteric fever

A

10^6 organisms

25
Q

Is there a vaccine for enteric fever

A

Yes, but only helpful against a small amount of organisms

26
Q

What is the most numerous aerobic bacteria of normal gut flora

A

Escherichia coli

27
Q

Does Escherichia coli ferment lactose

28
Q

What are the four kinds of E coli

A

Enteroinvasive E coli
Enterotoxigenic E coli
Enteropathogenic E coli
E coli 0157:H7

29
Q

What form of E coli is responsible for travellers diarrhoea

A

Enterotoxigenic

30
Q

What form of E coli is responsible for infant diarrhoea in developing countries

A

Enterotoxigenic

31
Q

What form of E coli is known as Hamburger disease

32
Q

What are the two types of Shigellae

A

S. Sonnei
S. dysenteriae

33
Q

What form of shigellae causes severe illness

A

S. dysenteriae

34
Q

What form of shigella is found in the tropics

A

S. dysenteriae

35
Q

What form of shigella is found in europe and north america

36
Q

Is there a vaccine for shigellae

37
Q

Does shigella ferment lactose

38
Q

How many organisms does it take to infect from shigellae

A

Very small number

39
Q

What bacteria causes Cholera

A

Vibrio cholerae

40
Q

How much water loss occurs with cholera

41
Q

How does cholera causes intense diarrhea (3 steps)

A

Enterotoxin binds cells in small intestine

Cells secrete chlorides and lowers sodium absorption

Water accumulates in gut which leads to watery diarrhea

42
Q

What are the two forms of campylobacter

A

C. jejuni
C. coli

43
Q

What bacteria is a major cause of human enteritis

A

Campylobacter

44
Q

What bacteria is normal flora in birds and domestic animals

A

Campylobacter

45
Q

What are two causes of travellers diarrhea

A

Campylobacter
Enterotoxigenic E coli

46
Q

What are the two forms of pseudomonas

A

Aeruginosa
Cepacia

47
Q

What bactiera is the respiratory pathogen of cystic fibrosis patients

A

Pseudomonas

48
Q

What form of bacteria is of major concern to burn patients

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

49
Q

What bacteria is a common contaminant of saline solutions and water

A

Pseudomonas cepacia

50
Q

Name the bacteria:
Normal nasopharyngeal flora
Causes invasive infections of young children
Vaccine available

A

Haemophilus influenzae

51
Q

C. sakazakii is a form of what bacteria

A

Cronobacter

52
Q

Cronobacter can cause what kind of infections

A

Nosocomial

53
Q

What bacteria is the most common cause of stomach ulcers

A

Helicobacter pylori

54
Q

Name the bacteria:
Microaerophillic
Spiral bacilli

A

Helicobacter pylori

55
Q

What bacteria causes whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

56
Q

Is there a vaccine for bordetella pertussis

A

Yep - you got it literally the other day

57
Q

What bacteria causes legionnaires disease

A

Legionella pneumophila

58
Q

Name that bacteria:
Found in moist habitats and water
Antibiotic resistant

A

Pseudomonas

59
Q

Name that bacteria:
Grows in water
Exposure by aerosol
NO person to person transmission

A

Legionella pneumophilia

Microbiology and Immunology (10 decks)

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