Lecture 5 - ONLY gram positive bacilli

Question 1

How many spore forming rods are there

Answer 1

2

Question 2

What are the two forms of spore forming rods

Answer 2

Bacillus and clostridium

Question 3

Do the spore forming rods have exotoxins?

Answer 3

Yes, powerful exotoxins

Question 4

Name the two types of bacillus bacilli

Answer 4

Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus cereus

Question 5

What are the three different exotoxin proteins associated with bacillus anthracis

Answer 5

Lethal factor
Protective agent
Edema factor

Question 6

Name the bacilli:
Stable spores
Antiphagocytic protein capsule
Aerobic growth conditions

Answer 6

Bacillus anthracis

Question 7

What kind of growth conditions does bacillus anthracis require

Answer 7

Aerobic

Question 8

What plasmid encodes for the exotoxin in bacillus anthracis

Answer 8

pXO1 plasmid

Question 9

What plasmid encodes for the capsule genes in bacillus anthracis

Answer 9

pXO2 plasmid

Question 10

What plasmid is required for virulence in bacillus anthracis

Answer 10

Both of them!

Question 11

Is there a treatment for bacillus anthracis

Answer 11

Yes! Antibiotics

Question 12

Is there a vaccine for bacillus anthracis

Answer 12

Yes! For the PA protein on the exotoxin

Question 13

What is the bacillus bacilli that causes food poisoning

Answer 13

Bacillus cereus

Question 14

Name the bacilli:
Causes food poisoning
Motile and non encapsulated
Antibiotic resistant

Answer 14

Bacillus cereus

Question 15

What is responsible for illness with bacillus cereus

Answer 15

The enterotoxins

Question 16

What are the two types of enterotoxins in bacillus cereus

Answer 16

Heat labile
Heat stable

Question 17

Which of the two enterotoxins causes severe nausea with bacillus cereus

Answer 17

Heat stable

Question 18

What makes clostridium different from other spore forming bacilli

Answer 18

Its anaerobic

Question 19

How many kinds of clostridium do we need to know

Answer 19

4

Question 20

What are the 4 kinds of clostridium we need to know

Answer 20

Clostridium difficile
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium perfringes
Clostridium botulinum

Question 21

What kind of clostridium causes rapidly fatal food poisoning

Answer 21

Clostridium botulinum

Question 22

What kind of bacilli releases a neurotoxin that blocks Ach release in the ANS

Answer 22

Clostridium botulinum

Question 23

What does the neurotoxin associated with clostridium botulinum do

Answer 23

Blocks Ach release in the ANS

Question 24

Is there a treatment for clostridium botulinum

Answer 24

Yes! Antibiotics and respiratory assistance

Question 25

What bacilli causes tetanus

Answer 25

Clostridium tetani

Question 26

What is the exotoxin associated with clostridium tetani

Answer 26

tetanospasmin

Question 27

What bacilli causes gas gangrene

Answer 27

Clostridium perfringes

Question 28

What are the two classes of infection of clostridium perfringes

Answer 28

Wound infection/cellulitis Clostridial myonecrosis

Question 29

What class of infection associated with clostridium perfringes has spongy moist skin with crackly pockets

Answer 29

Wound infection/cellulitis

Question 30

What class of infection associated with clostridium perfringes is fatal unless treated

Answer 30

Clostridial myonecrosis

Question 31

What does the exotoxin secretion do in clostridium perfringes

Answer 31

Destroys adjacent muscles

Question 32

What does clostridium difficile cause

Answer 32

Antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis

Question 33

What allows clostridium difficile to infect

Answer 33

Overuse of antibiotics killing the normal intestinal flora

Question 34

What are the two exotoxins associated with clostridium difficile and what do they cause/do

Answer 34

Toxin A: Diarrhea Toxin B: cytotoxic to colon cells

Question 35

Is there a treatment for clostridium difficile

Answer 35

Yes! Stop antibiotics and administer a different kind of antibiotics (i forget lol)

Question 36

What are the two non-spore forming rods

Answer 36

Listeria monocytogenes Corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 37

What 3 protective barriers does listeria monocytogenes cross

Answer 37

Blood brain GI feto-placental

Question 38

Listeria monocytogenes is a _______ meaning it survives in the fridge

Answer 38

Psychrophile

Question 39

What non spore forming rod is a psychrophile

Answer 39

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 40

What non spore forming rod is a facultative intracellular aerobe

Answer 40

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 41

Listeria monocytogenes is a ______ ________ aerobe

Answer 41

Facultative intracellular

Question 42

Is there a treatment for listeria monocytogenes

Answer 42

Yes - two long named meds haha

Question 43

What is the causative agent of diphtheria

Answer 43

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 44

What does corynebacterium diptheriae's exotoxins damage

Answer 44

Heart and neural cells

Question 45

Is there a treatment for corynebacterium diptheriae

Answer 45

Yes! 3 steps: 1) antitoxin 2) penicillin 3) DPT vaccine