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Microbiology and Immunology > Lecture 5 - ONLY gram positive bacilli > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - ONLY gram positive bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

How many spore forming rods are there

A

2

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2
Q

What are the two forms of spore forming rods

A

Bacillus and clostridium

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3
Q

Do the spore forming rods have exotoxins?

A

Yes, powerful exotoxins

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4
Q

Name the two types of bacillus bacilli

A

Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus cereus

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5
Q

What are the three different exotoxin proteins associated with bacillus anthracis

A

Lethal factor
Protective agent
Edema factor

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6
Q

Name the bacilli:
Stable spores
Antiphagocytic protein capsule
Aerobic growth conditions

A

Bacillus anthracis

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7
Q

What kind of growth conditions does bacillus anthracis require

A

Aerobic

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8
Q

What plasmid encodes for the exotoxin in bacillus anthracis

A

pXO1 plasmid

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9
Q

What plasmid encodes for the capsule genes in bacillus anthracis

A

pXO2 plasmid

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10
Q

What plasmid is required for virulence in bacillus anthracis

A

Both of them!

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11
Q

Is there a treatment for bacillus anthracis

A

Yes! Antibiotics

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12
Q

Is there a vaccine for bacillus anthracis

A

Yes! For the PA protein on the exotoxin

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13
Q

What is the bacillus bacilli that causes food poisoning

A

Bacillus cereus

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14
Q

Name the bacilli:
Causes food poisoning
Motile and non encapsulated
Antibiotic resistant

A

Bacillus cereus

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15
Q

What is responsible for illness with bacillus cereus

A

The enterotoxins

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16
Q

What are the two types of enterotoxins in bacillus cereus

A

Heat labile
Heat stable

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17
Q

Which of the two enterotoxins causes severe nausea with bacillus cereus

A

Heat stable

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18
Q

What makes clostridium different from other spore forming bacilli

A

Its anaerobic

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19
Q

How many kinds of clostridium do we need to know

20
Q

What are the 4 kinds of clostridium we need to know

A

Clostridium difficile
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium perfringes
Clostridium botulinum

21
Q

What kind of clostridium causes rapidly fatal food poisoning

A

Clostridium botulinum

22
Q

What kind of bacilli releases a neurotoxin that blocks Ach release in the ANS

A

Clostridium botulinum

23
Q

What does the neurotoxin associated with clostridium botulinum do

A

Blocks Ach release in the ANS

24
Q

Is there a treatment for clostridium botulinum

A

Yes! Antibiotics and respiratory assistance

25
Q

What bacilli causes tetanus

A

Clostridium tetani

26
Q

What is the exotoxin associated with clostridium tetani

A

tetanospasmin

27
Q

What bacilli causes gas gangrene

A

Clostridium perfringes

28
Q

What are the two classes of infection of clostridium perfringes

A

Wound infection/cellulitis
Clostridial myonecrosis

29
Q

What class of infection associated with clostridium perfringes has spongy moist skin with crackly pockets

A

Wound infection/cellulitis

30
Q

What class of infection associated with clostridium perfringes is fatal unless treated

A

Clostridial myonecrosis

31
Q

What does the exotoxin secretion do in clostridium perfringes

A

Destroys adjacent muscles

32
Q

What does clostridium difficile cause

A

Antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis

33
Q

What allows clostridium difficile to infect

A

Overuse of antibiotics killing the normal intestinal flora

34
Q

What are the two exotoxins associated with clostridium difficile and what do they cause/do

A

Toxin A: Diarrhea
Toxin B: cytotoxic to colon cells

35
Q

Is there a treatment for clostridium difficile

A

Yes! Stop antibiotics and administer a different kind of antibiotics (i forget lol)

36
Q

What are the two non-spore forming rods

A

Listeria monocytogenes
Corynebacterium diptheriae

37
Q

What 3 protective barriers does listeria monocytogenes cross

A

Blood brain
GI
feto-placental

38
Q

Listeria monocytogenes is a _______ meaning it survives in the fridge

A

Psychrophile

39
Q

What non spore forming rod is a psychrophile

A

Listeria monocytogenes

40
Q

What non spore forming rod is a facultative intracellular aerobe

A

Listeria monocytogenes

41
Q

Listeria monocytogenes is a ______ ________ aerobe

A

Facultative intracellular

42
Q

Is there a treatment for listeria monocytogenes

A

Yes - two long named meds haha

43
Q

What is the causative agent of diphtheria

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

44
Q

What does corynebacterium diptheriae’s exotoxins damage

A

Heart and neural cells

45
Q

Is there a treatment for corynebacterium diptheriae

A

Yes! 3 steps:
1) antitoxin
2) penicillin
3) DPT vaccine

Microbiology and Immunology (10 decks)

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