LECTURE 5.2: KANT

Question 1

He was influential philosopher in the history of philosophy, perhaps next to Aristotle.

Answer 1

Immanuel Kant

Question 2

Where is Kant’s hometown, a place he never left despite his recognition in Philosophy?

Answer 2

Konigsberg, Germany

Question 3

Immanuel Kant remained a _________ and was known to have kept a ______________________.

Answer 3

bachelor ; rigid daily routine

Question 4

What makes up Immanuel Kant’s synthesis?

Answer 4

1. Pure Reason (A Priori)
2. Pure Intuition of space and time (A Posteriori)

Question 5

It means “thing-in-itself/reality as it is”; uninterpreted reality

Answer 5

Noumena

Question 6

KANT’S CATEGORIES OF UNDERSTANDING

Answer 6

1. Quantity
2. Quality
3. Relation
4. Modality

Question 7

This consists of unity, plurality, totality.

Answer 7

Categories of Quantity

Question 8

This consists of reality, negation, and limitation.

Answer 8

Categories of Quality

Question 9

This consists of Inherence and Subsistence (subsistence and accident), Causality and Dependence (cause and effect), and Community (eg. reciprocity between agent and patient).

Answer 9

Categories of Relation

Question 10

This consists of Possibility - Impossibility, Existence - Non-existence, and Necessity - Contingency.

Answer 10

Categories of Modality

Question 11

He is a deontologist, who wrote ‘Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals’ and ‘A Critique of Pure Reason’.

Answer 11

Immanuel Kant

Question 12

Greek word where deontology came from

Answer 12

‘dein’ meaning duty

Question 13

“Nothing can possibly be conceived in this world or even out of it, which can be called good without qualification, except a ________.”

Answer 13

Goodwill

Question 14

“The will stands between it’s _______ principle which is formal and it’s _______ source which is material.”

Answer 14

a priori ; a posteriori

Question 15

This is the necessity of an action done from the respect for the law.

Answer 15

Duty

Question 16

“…. to have moral worth, an action must be done from ______.”

Answer 16

duty

Question 17

“To duty, every other motive must give
place, because duty is the condition of the will __________, whose worth transcends everything.”

Answer 17

good-in-itself

Question 18

“Thus, the ____________ of an action does not lie in the effect which is expected from it.”

Answer 18

moral worth

Question 19

“A _______ is the subjective principle of volition. The objective principle is the ____________, that I should follow such a law even if it thwarts all my inclinations.”

Answer 19

maxim ; practical law

Question 20

Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.

Answer 20

Intention

Question 21

KANT’S FORMULATIONS OF THE CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE

Answer 21

1. Act only on that maxim (intention) whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law.
2. Act as if the maxim of your action were to become, by your will, a universal law of nature.
3. Always act so as to treat humanity, whether in yourself or in others, as an end-in-itself, never merely as a means.
4. Always act as if to bring about, and as a member of, a Kingdom of Ends (that is, an ideal community in which everyone is always moral)