LECTURE 3: VALUES

Question 1

“Only _____ are moral.”

Answer 1

men

Question 2

A kind of morality wherein there is no explicit moral decision (e.g. animals as they act on instinct or from positive and negative reinforcement, cause and effect, and simple problem solving)

Answer 2

Pre-reflective Morality

Question 3

Two kinds of reinforcement

Answer 3

Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning

Question 4

What kind of conditioning is Pavlov’s dog training?

Answer 4

Classical Conditioning

Question 5

What kind of conditioning is Skinner’s pigeon?

Answer 5

Operant Conditioning

Question 6

We are all capable of ________. This is the deliberate human action of some decisive or active agency.

Answer 6

Conduct

Question 7

This is to be able to make choices and act on them. This is an obligation to yourself.

Answer 7

Freedom

Question 8

This is to be obliged to make choices and budget our own lives; this is our duty to ourselves to exercise our freedom as a rational moral being.

Answer 8

Obligation

Question 9

“Freedom in making choices is your _____ to yourself to exercise your capacity for deliberation and ______ by thinking about the consequences that your actions might entail before making a decision.”

Answer 9

obligation; reflection

Question 10

To decide to choose your own values is to decide to ______.”

Answer 10

philosophize

Question 11

This is with reference to other people or groups. It goes beyond our personal life and endeavors.

Answer 11

Moral Judgement

Question 12

Moral judgement with reference to the judger’s own future action.

Answer 12

Moral Decision

Question 13

Bertrand Russell: “We have in fact two kinds of morality…”
(Paradox of a liar)

What are the two kinds of morality?

Answer 13

1. We preach but do not practice
2. We practice but seldom preach