Lecture 5 Piaget Stages of Development Flashcards
What are operations?
special types of schema or mental structure strategies or rules about an object that make thinking more systematic or efficient.
Do kids in the preoperational stage have operations?
Nope
Kids ages 2 to 7 are likely in the __________
preoperational stage
What are the strengths o pre-operational thought?
Symbolic functions
- mental schemes: internal problem solving, language use and symbolic play
Why is symbolic function so important?
Speed- more efficient
Scope - think about past, present and future
Social interaction - broadens what you think about
What are the benefits of symbolic play?
Children who had large segments of play had better impulse control than those who didn’t. Impulse control is more predictive of school success than IQ
What are the weaknesses of Preoperational thought?
Intuitive thinking is not developed. Preoperational thinking is illogical
Thinking that is: Rigid- stuck even with new info insensitive to inconsistencies Focused on superficial aspects Egocentric Is typical of:
Preoperational kids
What are the specific deficiencies of Preoperational thought?
1) Animism
2) Egocentrism
3) Centration
Crediting inanimate objects with life and lifelike properties is an example of ________
Animism
ex. Sun is hiding
Define Egocentrism:
Refers to a childs difficulty in seeing the world from another perspective
What tasks showed egocentrism?
1) Three mountain task
2) egocentric speech
Define Centration:
Narrowly focused thought, Tunnel vision or the tendency to focus on the most salient aspect of the problem.
How is centration tested?
1) conservation tasks
2) Task inclusion tasks
What is a conservation task?
Testing the understanding that the quantity of a substance stays the same despite superficial changes.
Define egocentric speech:
When speaking children leave out essential details, they don’t realize the audience doesn’t know everything that they know. This is shown in Piaget’s fairtale telling experiment.
Describe the 3 mountain task:
Child walks around and describes each side of a mountain. Doll is sat in chair and the child is asked to describe what the doll sees. Children in the preop stage describe what they see.
Describe the conservation tasks and at what age they are acheived:
1) conservation of number (age 5) - centration on length
2) Conservation of volume and conservation of mass (age 6 or 7) - centration on shape (vol) and length(mass)
3) Conservation of Length and Conservation of Weight (age 7 or 8) - centration on length and shape (weight)
Why do properational kids make these mistakes?
Focus on the most salient aspect and ignore the rest of the problem.
Why don’t concrete operational kids make these mistakes?
1) Decentration - focus on many aspects
2) Reversibility - superficial can be reversed
3) Overall logic system - advanced problem solving
Preoperational kids have ________. The failure to understand the structure and logic of classes and subclasses.
categorization inability
What is the structure and logic of classes?
- Can belong to multiple classes
- sub and super ordinate classes
- subclass is more useful
In the wooden bead task kids are told there are 12 wooden bead: 10 red and 2 white. Kids are then asked whether there are more red beads or wooden beads. This is an example of a _________
Class inclusion task
In the wooden bead task inclusion task how do:
Preoperational kids reply
Preop kids know that a wooden necklace would have both red and white beads but still say that a red necklace is longer than a wooden one and that there are more red than wooden beads
