Lecture 5: hetertopic ossification Flashcards
is heterotopic ossification most common in males or females
males
what is hetertopic ossification
abnormal formation of bone in extra skeletal soft tissue where bone does not usually exist/ should not be
where is heteroptopic ossification most often seen in
soft tissues surrounding joints
what are the 2 main categories of HO
- Neurogenic HO
- Traumatic HO
what i neurogenic HO
pateints w traumatic CNS injuries , most frequently TBI , SCI
what is traumatic HO
seen in pateitns w burns , amputations , fractures , joint dislocations and total joint arthopasty
what are risk factors for HO
age and gender
severity of injury
what are factors associated with higher incidence of HO following SCI
- Sex
- Spasticity
- Cigarette smoking
- Completeness of injury
- Pneumonia
- Pressure ulcers
what are adverse effects of HO (11)
-pain
- nerve impingement
- joint ankylosis
-CRPS
- osteoporosis
- soft tissue infection
-pathological fx
- spasticity
- DVT
-pressure injury
- decreased ROM
what are the most common sits for SCI and TBI fro HO
SCI: hips , knee
TBI: hips , shoulder and elbow
under the level of lesion
what does HO rarely effect
wrist , ankles , hands nad feet
how may HO present 2-4 weeks later
- region becomes firm
-joint ROM is decreased - sacrum alkaline phosphates levels increase
what is a differential diagnosis for HO
• Infection
• Cellulitis
• DVT
• Osteomyelitis
