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NM 2 > extra > Flashcards

extra Flashcards

1
Q

___ to ____ timing is considered to be normla

A

distal to proximal

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2
Q

___ control develops before ___ control

A

proximal
distal

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3
Q

what is the difference between Successive induction and irradiation and what PFN techniques do each go q

A

successive: max effort of antagonist will overflow into agonists if reversal of direction is quick

has to do with slow reservsal

irradiation: max effort of strong mm within a pattern will facilitate or overflow into weaker mm

has to do with timing for emphasis

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4
Q

what is the difference between reciprocal inhibiton/ innervation and autogenic inhibiton

A

reciprocal: facilitate alpha motor neurons of agonist which inhibit antagonist

auto: contraction of antagonist will allow immediate relaxation of same mm

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5
Q

successive induction is the neurophysiological principle of effort in 1 direction with quick transiton overflows successively into next direction. ____ ___ ____ can also be used in direction you want emphasizes

A

primitive/advanced repreated contraction

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6
Q

what are PFN techniques for activities for reinforcements

A

alternatin isometrics and rhythmic stabilizatio

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7
Q

how should a patient get up from the ground with ur help

A

weaker leg up (less involved) and apply downward pressure towards the heel not he distal thigh

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8
Q

what can u use to aid in alternating WB and unilateral limb progression in gait activities

A

approximation and resistance

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9
Q

if a patient requires mod assistance and they can follow commands should u move the pt limbs for them or ask them if they can move first before helping

A

ask them to move first it help the patient

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10
Q

what does anosognosia mean

A

not aware of deficits

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11
Q

what is the first thing u want the patient to do when sitting down from a sit to stand

A

bend the knees then bedn at the hips and lean foward

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12
Q

stand to sit transition is initiated by therapist facilitation a ___- pelvic tilt with instructing the patient to __ both knees

A

posteiror
bedn

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13
Q

where can the patient apply pressure to self f facilitate improved weight bearing

A

distal thigh (down and back pressure)

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14
Q

shoudl stance phase or swing phase be first adn why

A

stance so pt can accept WB on the weak leg

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15
Q

what is the suggested sequence for pre gait sequence

A

a. position feet for good base of support and align body over bade

b. bilateral knee flexion

c. reciprocal bending of knees w laterla weight shift (dont forget to hold at midline)

d. weight shift to weak (involved) side without complete unweighting of less involved (stronger) LE .. hold this and slide outwardly heel then toe of stronger foot then slife back to OG position

E. weight shift to involved side (weak) and take small step foward w less invovled (stronger) side

F. in stride position (less invovled/strong side foot foward) shift weight forward and back to facilitate a more graded weight trasnfer

G. step back with less involved LE (stronger foot) even w invovled (weaker)

H. step back with less involved (stronger) LE (past weaker) , weight shift foward and back in stride position with involved (weaker ) leg foward

I. step less involved (stronger) LE foward , even with more involved (weaker)

J. step less involved (stronger) LE back wards , then forwards , past more involved (weaker) LE

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16
Q

what is the treament sequence for swing phase

A

a., weight shift onto foward less involved (stronger) LE keeping involved (weaker) foot on floor , in this position work on graded release of involved (weaker) LE , as the pelvis drops , the knee flexes and heel will rise slightly placing the foot into slight elevation

b. word on graded extension and flexion of involved (weaker) knee in stride

c. assist theft in sliding involved (weaker) foot forward

d. step with uninvolved (stronger) LE

e. gradually word toward stepping without sliding the foot

17
Q

what are the 4 active training ingredients for neuroplasticity/ motor learning

A
  • task specific training
  • repetitive practice
  • intensity of training
  • salience (relevant to the patient)
18
Q

what are teh CPG’s for improving locomotor function

___ to ____ intensity gait training
____ HR MAX
_____ HRreserve
RPE

A

mod to high
70-85%
60-80%
> or = 14

19
Q

what are the 3 aspects of motor control

A

-task
-environment
-individual (action , perception and cognition)

20
Q

what are the 6 aspects of cognition

A
  • awareness
  • attention
  • memory
  • perception
  • executive function/ problem solving
  • communication
21
Q

what is the main difference between timing for emphasis and primitive repeated contractions for bridging

A

timing for emphasis (irritation) is when the PT pushes on the stronger side to them overflow to the weaker side

and

primitive repeated contraction is when pt apples quick stretches to the weak side of the hip to facilities the hip extensors to push

22
Q

If patient’s movement pattern is asymmetrical, then therapist can resist the ___ affected side more and provide irradiation (“Timing for Emphasis”) to facilitate the weaker side to lift more readily.

A

less

23
Q

what is Raimiste’s phenomena

A

example .. resisted ABD on the stronger side will reinforce ABD on the weaker side

24
Q

what is rhythmic initiation

A

passive motion to teach pt what the motion is

25
Q

what is slow reservals

A

isotonic contraction of agonist alternation w antagonist using resistance

26
Q

if a person is doing side to side slow reservals what way do u apply the quick stretch

A

u apply it in the opposite way u are gonna resist

27
Q

if you are in mid stance adn the RIGHT leg is down what is happening at the trunk

A

you want elongation on the stance leg (R leg) so it will be shortening on the L side

28
Q

what is happening if the patient does a laterla weight shift to the weak side ? (L side if weak) and is it easier or harder to do. alaterla weight shift to the weak or strong side

A

if the patient is doing a lateral weight shift to the L then her L side is eccentrically l=enlongating and her R side concentricly shortening… it is easier to lateral weight shift to the weak side bc it made me hard for the pateint to shorten their weak side will eccentrically controlling the elongation

29
Q

what is the purposes of trunk mobilization

A
  • gain flexibility
  • prepare pt body to be able to learn a movemtn or fucntion
  • release spasticity
30
Q

how should the patient feet be placed when doing a scoot/sqaut transfer

A

opposite of the direction going

31
Q

what is grades 1-5 for the ashworth ashworth score

A

1- no increase in tone
2. slight increase in tone , giving a CATCH when moving in FLEXION or EXT
3. more marked increase in tone
4. considerable increase in tone , passive movement is hard
5. affected part is rigid in flex or ext

32
Q

what is the modified ashworth scale grades

0
1
1+
2
3
4

A

0- no increase in tone

1- slight increase in tone , w CATCH or by minimal resistance at the end of ROM when flex or ext

1+ : Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the ROM.

2: More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but the affected part(s) is easily moved.
3: passive mvmt is hard

4- affected part is rigid in flex or ext

33
Q

how do u use the modified ashworth scale

A
  • relaxed , support positon
  • passively move joint fast thru ROM
  • feel how quick , easy or slow the part responds
  • reliable
34
Q

if you perform the modified ash worth scale and you note More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but the affected part(s) is easily moved… what grade is it

A

2

35
Q

if you perform the modified ash worth scale and you note Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch and release, or by minimal resistance at the end of the ROM when the affected part(s) is moved into flexion or extension… what grade is it

A

1

36
Q

if u perform the modified ashworth scale and u note Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimal resistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the ROM… what grade is it

A

1+

NM 2 (17 decks)

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