Lecture 5: Evolution of Land Plants

Question 1

alternation of generation

Answer 1

haploid form (gametophyte) alternates with a diploid form (sporophyte)

Question 2

iso gametes

Answer 2

gametes similar in size and shape

Question 3

hetero gametes

Answer 3

gametes hat are different

Question 4

homosporous

Answer 4

spores that are similar

Question 5

heterosporous

Answer 5

spores that are different

Question 6

coleochaete

Answer 6

GREEN ALGAE
have hetero gametes
have homosporous spores
sperm is motile
egg is imotile

Question 7

Bryophytes

Answer 7

LIVERWORTS AND MOSSES
• main body: gametophyte
• have waxy cuticle and stomates to reduce and regulate water loss
• sperm made in antheridia and is motile
• eggs made in archegonia
• sporophyte is MATROTROPHIC on gametophyte

Question 8

Pteridophyte

Answer 8

CLUB MOSSES, HORSETAILS AND FERNS
main body: sporophyte
• club mosses have microphylls (small leaves with central vein)
• ferns have megaphylls (large leafs network of veins)
• ferns have spores forming spori underneath the leaf
• gametophyte and sporophyte live independently

Question 9

Gymnosperms

Answer 9

seeds lie naked on upper surface of each bract of female cone
- sporophyte is predominant and nourishes the hidden gametophyte

Question 10

Angiosperms

Answer 10

• seeds enclosed in ovary

- sporophyte is predominant and nourishes the hidden gametophyte

Question 11

production of gametes

Answer 11

• produced by gametophyte

- meiosis is not involved