Lecture 1

Question 1

Three things an organism must do to be considered living

Answer 1

1. Transform energy to synthesize new molecules (energy transformation)
2. Make nearly faithful copies of themselves (reproduce)
3. Regulate internal environment (maintain homeostasis) in response to external changes.

Question 2

Energy Transformation

Answer 2

Use ATP (energy) to do work.
cellular work= chemical reactions (metabolism)

Question 3

Sources of Energy Used by life

Answer 3

1. Light
2. Inorganic compounds (H2, H2S…)
3. Organic compounds (starch, fats…)

Question 4

Autotroph

Answer 4

“self feeding”

makes organic molecules using inorganic compounds and outside energy

Question 5

photoautotrophs

Answer 5

use light E, CO2, to make glucose

Question 6

chemoautotrophs

Answer 6

use chemical E, CO2, to make glucose

Question 7

heterotroph

Answer 7

different feeding
Chemoheterotroph:
- consume organic molecules as both energy source and C source to transform into other organic molecules
(e.g., animals and fungi and many bacteria)

Photoheterotrophs:
- use light as energy source but obtain C from food (e.g., certain bacteria)

Question 8

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 8

union of gametes
• genetic difference between
parents & offspring

Question 9

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 9

= “without sex”
• no union of gametes
hydra
• little to no genetic difference

Question 10

Homeostasis

Answer 10

adaptations which enable them to respond to environmental changes.