Lecture 3: Bacteria

Question 1

Bacteria vs. Archaea: Cell Wall

Answer 1

bacteria: peptidoglycan
archaea: protein

Question 2

Bacteria vs. Archaea: Lipids

Answer 2

bacteria: ester-linked lipids in plasma membrane
archaea: ester linked lipids in cell membrane

Question 3

Bacteria vs. Archaea: DNA

Answer 3

bacteria: have non-histone DNA- binding proteins
archaea: have histones

Question 4

LUCA

Answer 4

• both bacteria and archaea descended from that

- most likely a chemoautotrophic prokaryote

Question 5

Archaea characteristics

Answer 5

• extremophile

- studied in hot acid springs, hypersaline lagoons, hydrothermal vents and anoxic bugs

Question 6

bacteria: unicellular

Answer 6

• have division of labour

- never form multicellular organisms

Question 7

bacteria: assimiliative

Answer 7

• uses enzymes to break down food outside of the cell, then bring that food inside via transporters

Question 8

bacteria: versitile

Answer 8

able to use a lot of different substrates for metabolism

Question 9

bacteria: conservative

Answer 9

once across the cell, everything is processed in the same way

Question 10

bacteria: small

Answer 10

have physical constraints on movement in fluid

a) inertial resistance: accelerating body creates pressure drag
b) viscous resistance: cause by friction, creating drag

Question 11

Chloroflexus

Answer 11

• green

- non sulfur photosynthesizer

Question 12

synechoccus

Answer 12

oxygenic photsynthesizer

- make up a lot of oxygen in air

Question 13

streptomyces

Answer 13

filamentous soil bacteria

Question 14

bacilus

Answer 14

ubiquitous rods

Question 15

mycoplasma

Answer 15

minute walless bacteria

Question 16

treponema

Answer 16

spiral motile parasite

Question 17

chlorobium

Answer 17

green sulfur photosynthesizer

Question 18

rhizobium

Answer 18

nitrogen fixer

Question 19

nitrosomanas

Answer 19

ammonia oxidizer

Question 20

escherichia

Answer 20

gut bacteria