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MSK > Lecture 5 Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

Define a Sarcoma

A

Malignant tumours arising from connective tissues

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2
Q

How does sarcomas spread

A

Along fascial planes

Haematogenous spread to lungs

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3
Q

Name benign bone-forming tumours

A

Osteoid osteoma

Osteoblastoma

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4
Q

Name a malignant bone-forming tumours

A

Osteosarcoma

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5
Q

Name benign cartilage forming tumours

A

Enchondroma

Osteochondroma

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6
Q

Name a malignant cartilage forming tumour

A

Chondrosarcoma

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7
Q

Name a benign fibrous tissue tumour

A

Fibroma

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8
Q

Name a malignant fibrous tumour

A

Fibrosarcoma

Malignant fibrous histocytoma

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9
Q

Name a benign vascular tumour

A

Haemangioma

Aneurysmal bone cyst

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10
Q

Name a malignant vascular tumour

A

Angiosarcoma

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11
Q

Name a benign adipose tumour

A

Lipoma

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12
Q

Name a malignant adipose tumour

A

Liposarcoma

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13
Q

Name a malignant bone marrow tumour

A

Maligant-Ewing’s sarcoma
Lymphoma
Myeloma

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14
Q

Describe the presenting history of a cone or soft tissue tumour

A

Pain
Mass
Abnormal X-Rays

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15
Q

Name investigations that should be carried out for bone and soft tissue tumours

A 
Plain X-Rays
CT
Isotope bone scans
MRI
Angiography
PET
Biopsy 
Bloods- LFT, U&Es
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16
Q

What would be the purpose of a CT

A

Determine what type of tumour it is

17
Q

What group are osteosarcomas more common in

A

Male

10-30 years

18
Q

Name clinical features osteosarcoma

A 
Pain
Loss of function
Swelling
Pathological fracture 
Joint effusion- tumour is sitting next to joint
Deformity
Neurovascular effects
Systemic effects of neoplasia
19
Q

Name investigations for osteosarcoma

A

MRI scan

20
Q

How is osteosarcoma treated

A

• Chemotherapy
• Surgery
o Limb salvage
• Radiotherapy

21
Q

Name common sites of metastatic bone disease

A 
o	Vertebrae
o	Proximal femur
o	Pelvis
o	Ribs
o	Sternum
o	Skull
22
Q

Name the 7 most common primary cancers which metastasise to bone

A 
Lung
Breast
Prostate
Kidney
Thyroid
GI tracts
Melanoma
Neuroblastoma
23
Q

What are preventative measures of pathological fractures

A 
Early chemotherapy/DXT
Prophylactic internal fixation
Use of bone cement 
Embolisation
Only one long bone at a time

MSK (33 decks)

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