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MSK > Lecture 26 Orthopaedic Hip Conditions > Flashcards

Lecture 26 Orthopaedic Hip Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the labrum

A

Adds stability and deepens the socket

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2
Q

What is Trochanteric Bursitis

A

Inflammation of bursa between hip abductors and IT Band

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3
Q

Is Trochanteric Bursitits more common in females or males?

A

Females

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4
Q

What are the causes of Trochanteric Bursitis

A 
Trauma
Over-use
Abnormal movements
Distant problem- scoliosis
Local problem- total hip replacement, osteoarthritis, muscle wasting following surgery
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5
Q

What is the clinical presentation of Trochanteric Bursitis

A

Pain
Point tenderness
Lateral hip

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6
Q

During examination what would you look for Trochanteric Bursitis

A

Scars from previous surgery
Muscle wasting
Tenderness at greater Tuberosity
Worst pain in active abduction

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7
Q

What investigations are carried for suspected Trochanteric Bursitis

A

X-ray, MRI, US

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8
Q

What are the treatments for Trochanteric Bursitis

A 
NSAIDS
Rest
Physiotherapy
Corticosteroids injection (blindly or US)
Surgery- Bursectomy
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9
Q

What is Avascular Necrosis

A

Death of the bone due to loss of blood supply

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10
Q

Is Avascular Necrosis more common in male or females

A

Males

35-50 years old

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11
Q

Avascular necrosis is normally unilateral or bilateral

A

Bilateral-80%

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12
Q

What are the risk factors for avascular necrosis

A

Trauma (Irradiation, fracture, dislocation, Iatrogenic)
Systemic (steroids, SCD, lymphoma, leukaemia)
Caisson’s Disease
Alcoholism

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of avascular necorsis

A

Insidious onset of groin pain
Pain with stairs, walking uphill and impact activities
Limp

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14
Q

How is avascular necrosis investigated

A

MRI

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15
Q

How is avascular necrosis treated

A 
Crutches
NSAIDs
Bisphosphonates
Anticoagulants
Physiotherapy 
Surgical
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16
Q

What is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)

A

2 surfaces hitting together

17
Q

What is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) the common causes of

A

o Hip pathology in younger patient
o Secondary osteoarthritis
o Anatomical phenomenon

18
Q

Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) is split into two categories:

A

CAM lesion

Pincer

19
Q

What is a CAM lesion

A

Slipped up femoral epiphysis
Deformity with neck of femur
Bony lump impinges on acetabulum

20
Q

What is a Pincer

A

Acetabulum-based impingement

21
Q

What does a Pincer lead to

A

Antersuperior acetabular rim overhang
Acetabular protrusion
Abutment of lesion on edge of acetabulum

22
Q

Name 3 associated injuries with Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)

A

Labral degeneration and ters
Cartilage damage and flap tears
Secondary hip osteoarthritis

23
Q

What are the clinical presentations of Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)

A 
Groin pain
Worse with flexion
Pain with certain manoeuvres:
•	Getting out of a chair
•	Squatting
•	Lunging
24
Q

Name investigations are done for Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)

A

Reduced flexion and internal rotation
Positive FADIR test
X-ray
MRI

25
Q

How is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) treated non-operatively

A

NSAIDs

Physiotherapy

26
Q

How is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) treated operatively

A 
Arthroscopy
Open surgery (resection, periacetabular osteotomy, hip arthroplasty)
27
Q

What are the causes of Labral tears

A 
FAI
Trauma 
OA
Dysplasia
Collagen diseases - Ehlers Danlos
28
Q

How do Labral tears present

A

Groin or hip pain
Snapping sensation
Jamming or locking

29
Q

How are labral tears diagnosed

A 
Intermittent pain
Positive FABER test
X-ray
MRI arthrogram
Diagnostic injections
30
Q

How are labral tears treated non-operatively

A

NSAIDs
Physiotherapy
Injection of steroids

31
Q

How are labral tears treated operatively

A

Arthroscopy (repair, resection)

MSK (33 decks)

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