Lecture 5- blood vessels

Question 1

What are the 3 parts of the tunica intima?

Answer 1

1. Endothelial cells
2. Sub-endothelial layer
3. Basal Lamina

Question 2

What do these mean?

1. Superior and inferior?
2. Medial and lateral?
3. Proximal and distal?

Answer 2

1. Superior is top, inferior is bottom. (head, toe)
2. Medial is towards the middle line of the body, lateral is away from the midline
3. Proximal is close to the joint (thigh) and distal is at the other end of the limb (foot)

Question 3

Which type of blood vessel controls blood flow to capillaries/organs?

Answer 3

Arterioles

Question 4

What are the three layers of a blood vessel from the lumen out?

Answer 4

1. tunica intima
2. tunica media
3. tunica adventitia

Question 5

What are the functions of elastic arteries? (conducting)

Answer 5

be subjected to high pressure

adapted to smooth out the surges in blood flow

Question 6

What’s special about sinusoidal capillaries?

Where are they found?

Answer 6

There are spaces between endothelial cells

Incomplete or absent basement membrane

Found in specialised lining cells like in the liver where phagocytic cells engulf damaged RBCs

Question 7

Describe the planes:

1. Coronal plane
2. Transverse plane
3. Midsagittal plane

Answer 7

1. cuts your front half from your back.
2. cuts your top half from your bottom half.
3. cuts your left half from your right side.

Question 8

What’s the diameter of capillaries?

Answer 8

8-um (micrometres)

Question 9

What are the functions of muscular arteries? (distributing)

Answer 9

• Highly contractile so greater vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
• Distribute blood to various parts of the body
• Control the rate of blood flow to suit the needs of the structure

Question 10

What are fenestrated capillaries used for?

Answer 10

(fenetre = window) They have pores so there’s rapid exchange of water or large solutes.

Good for absorption like in the kidneys.

Question 11

What is the tunica adventitia mostly made of?

Answer 11

Collagen