Lecture 4- tissue

Question 1

What are the functions of cuboidal epithelium and where is it found?

Answer 1

Simple- absorption and secretion. So found e.g. kidney tubules and surface of the ovaries. Statified (rare)- Protection- sweat glands

Question 2

What are the functions of columnar epithelium? Where are they found?

Answer 2

Simple- absorption and secretion- small intestine and stomach. Stratified (rare)- protection and secretion- pharynx Often have villli so commonly found in areas of wear and tear like the GI tract.

Question 3

What are the functions of squamous epithelium? Where are they found?

Answer 3

Filtration, diffusion, protection, secretion (to stop friction). Simple in protected areas e.g. endothelia- blood vessels Stratified at mechanical stress- e.g. mouth and skin

Question 4

What’s special about epithelial cells in skin, hair and nails?

Answer 4

It’s keratinised. Tougher.

Question 5

What makes up the extra-cellular matrix?

Answer 5

1. Ground substance-
   Proteins, carbohydrates, glycoprotein,
2. Extracellular fluid

Question 6

What makes up the basement membrane?

Answer 6

The basal lamina + the lamina reticularis

Question 7

What are the four types of body tissue?

Answer 7

1. Epithelial tissue
2. Connective tissue
3. Muscle
4. Nervous

Question 8

Which fluid-separating layer is 5nm thick?

Answer 8

The plasma membrane

Question 9

Which fluid- separating layer is leaky?

Answer 9

capillary endothelial

Question 10

Which fluid- separating layer is joined by tight junctions and seperates the Transcellular fluid from the interstitial fluid?

Answer 10

Epithelial

Question 11

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 11

1. skeletal
2. cardiac
3. smooth

Question 12

What are the 3 types of cell connections?

Answer 12

1. Desmosome- cell surface proteins connect
2. Hemidesmosome- attaches cell to membrane underneath
3. Gap junction- proteins group together to make pores

Question 13

WHat’s the difference between loose and dense connective tissue?

Answer 13

Loose has lots of ground substance, some fibres and some cells

Dense has not much ground substance, densely packed fibres arranged in parallel rows and not many cells

Question 14

Which types of muscle are striated or not?

Answer 14

1. Smooth- not striated
2. Cardiac- has cross-striations
3. Skeletal- striated

Question 15

What are the 3 types of connective tissue?

Answer 15

1. Connective tissue proper- loose, dense etc.
2. Fluid- e.g. blood and lymph
3. Supporting- bone, cartilage

Question 16

What are adherens junctions? What are tight junctions?

Answer 16

adheren connect actin filaments within cells.

Tight junctions connect areas of the plasma membrane, don’t allow movement between cells