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Anatomy Exam 1 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones that are located in the pectoral region?

A

Clavicles
Sternum- manubrium, body, xiphoid
Ribs
Scapula

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2
Q

What is the function of the fascia in the axilla?

A

defines borders, covers the muscles, creates potential spaces

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3
Q

Superficial fascia 3 components

A

platysma
superclavicular nerves
anterior and lateral branches of the intercostal nerves

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4
Q

platysma

A

flat sheet of muscle that covers the shoulder, neck, and face; development varies from person to person

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5
Q

What are the borders of the deltopectoral triangle?

A

deltoid, pectoralis muscle, middle 1/3 of the clavicle

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6
Q

What is located inside the deltopectoral triangle?

A

cephalic vein, deltopectoral lymph nodes, deltoid branch of the thoracoacromial artery

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7
Q

clavipectoral fascia

A

covers the subclavicus and pectorals minor

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8
Q

What is the attachment of the clavipectoral fascia?

A

clavicle and anterior thoracic wall

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9
Q

What are the 3 things that “pierce” through the clavipectoral fascia?

A

cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, and lateral pectoral nerves

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10
Q

What is the broad function of the clavipectoral fascia?

A

to act as the suspensory ligament of the axilla

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11
Q

Pectoralis major

  • innervation
  • proximal attachment
  • distal attachment
A

innervated by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves via the brachial plexus
proximal attachment: clavicular head and the sternocostal head
distal attachment: humerus

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12
Q

pectoralis minor

  • innervation
  • proximal attachment
  • distal attachment
A

innervated by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves via the brachial plexus
proximal attachment: 3-5 rib
distal attachment: coracoid process of the scapula

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13
Q

subclavius

  • innervation
  • proximal attachment
  • distal attachment
A

innervated by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves via the brachial plexus

proximal: first rib and cartilage
distal: subclavian groove of the clavicle (middle third)

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14
Q

serratus anterior

  • innervation
  • proximal attachment
  • distal attachment
A

innervated by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves via the brachial plexus

proximal: external surfaces of the lateral parts of the 1-8 ribs
distal: costal aspect of the medial margin of the scapula

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15
Q

What does the superficial cervical fascia contain?

A

Platysma muscle
superficial veins
cutaneous nerves

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16
Q

What does the prevertebral fascia cover?

A

the muscles of the lateral triangle

around the surface of the cervical vertebrae and across the midline

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17
Q

What is the anterior border of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

Posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid

18
Q

What is the posterior border of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

Anterior border of the trapezius

19
Q

What is the inferior border of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

The clavicle

20
Q

What is the roof of the lateral cervical triangle?

A

skin and the superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia

21
Q

List the muscles that are involved in the lateral cervical triangle

A 
splenius capitis 
levator scapulae 
scalenus posterior 
scalenus medius 
scalenus anterior 
omohyoid
22
Q

What are the nerves that are in the lateral cervical triangle?

A

lesser occipital (C2)
supraclavicular (c3, c4)
Accessory (CNXI)

23
Q

What are the vessels that are located in the lateral cervical triangle?

A 
occipital artery 
transverse cervical artery 
subclavian vein
subclavian artery 
external jugular vein
24
Q

What “landmark” do to subclavian veins and arteries cross in the thoracic cavity?

A

The first rib

25
Q

Where does the spinal root arise from?

A

c1-c5; fibers pass superiorly through the magnum foramen and join the cranial root

26
Q

Where does the cranial nerve arise from?

A

the medulla

27
Q

Where do both of the nerve roots exit from in the neck?

A

the jugular foramen

28
Q

What does the spinal nerve (accessory XI) innervate?

A

The sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius

29
Q

What is the anterior border of the base of the axilla?

A

The pectorals major

30
Q

What is the posterior border of the base of the axilla?

A

The latissimus dorsi

31
Q

What is the medial boundary of the base of the axilla?

A

Thoracic wall

32
Q

What is the lateral border of the base of the axilla?

A

The humerus

33
Q

What is the anterior border of the apex of the axilla?

A

clavicle

34
Q

What is the posterior border of the apex of the axilla?

A

superior border of the scapula

35
Q

What is the medial border of the apex of the axilla?

A

the first rib

36
Q

What components make up the base of the axilla?

A

Skin and superficial fascia
Anterior axillary fold (pectoralis major)
Posterior axillary fold (latissimus dorsi, teres major)
Chest wall (serratus anterior)

37
Q

What makes up the anterior wall of the axilla?

A

clavicle
suclavicus
pectoralis major
pectoralis minor

38
Q

What makes up the posterior wall of the axilla?

A

scapula
subscapularis
latissimus dorsi
teres major

39
Q

Lateral structures of the axilla

A

inter tubercular sulcus
tendon of the long head of the bicep
coracobrachialis tendon

40
Q

What are the “great” vessels that are present in the axilla?

A

Axillary vein and artery
cephalic vein and basilic vein (supply BUE’s)
axillary lymph nodes

41
Q

What are the nerves that are in the axilla?

A

long thoracic nerve
cords of the brachial plexus
proximal ends of the terminal nerves at the brachial plexus

42
Q

What components make up the axillary sheath?

A

axillary vein, axillary artery, brachial plexus

Anatomy Exam 1 (8 decks)

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