Lecture 5 (2/3) Flashcards
Homeostasis
Regulation of the pituitary gland, maintains equilibrium in the body.
Pituitary Gland
aka Hypophysis
Small, pea-sized swelling at the base of the hypothalamus
Sellar Turcica
The bony cavity in which the pituitary gland
Covered by a dural fold called seller diaphragm
Sellar Diaphragm
AKA Diaphragm Sellar
A dural fold that covers the seller turcica
Adenohypophysis
Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
Where the hormones are produced
Neurophypophysis
Posterior portion of the pituitary gland
Extension of the hypothalamus
Adipsia
Caused by a small lesion in the hypothalamus
Lack of desire to drink
Satiety Center
Located ventral medially of the hypothalamus
A lesion here leads to Hyperphagia and aggressive behavior
Hyperphagia
Eating too much - leads to obesity
Dysphagia
Caused by a lesion in the lateral portion of the hypothalamus
Trouble eating
Supraoptic Nucleus
In the anterior portion of the hypothalamus
Involved in regulating water balance in the body
Allows us to feel thirsty or feel the need to urinate
Polydipsia
Caused by a lesion in the supraoptic nucleus
Increased water intake
Polyuria
Caused by a lesion in the supraoptic nucleus
Increased urination
Vasoconstriction
When the muscles are signaled to shiver in order to generate heat
Hyperthermia
Caused by a lesion to the anterior portion of the hypothalamus
Increased body temperature
Hypothermia
Caused by a lesion to the posterior portion of the hypothalamus
Decreased body temperature
Epithalamus
Lies above the thalamus
Has 3 Substructures:
Pineal Body
Stria Medullares
Habenula
Pineal Body/Gland
Portion of the epithalamus
Receives visual information about light and darkness
Secretes chemicals into the bloodstream that are associated with sleep/wake cycles
Stria Medullares
Carries the circadian rhythm
Subthalamus
A structure found in the caudal portion of the diencephalon
3 Main Structures:
fields of Forel
Zona Incerta
Subthalamic Nucleus
Subthalamic Nucleus
Connected to a structure called Globus Pallidus
Receives fibers from the motor cortices
Damage to the sub thalamic nucleus results in involuntary movements, especially in the upper limbs.
