Lecture 2

Question 1

Nervous System

Answer 1

Composed of 2 parts: CNS, PNS

Question 2

Central Nervous System

Answer 2

2 Parts: Brain & Spinal Cord,
The part of the nervous system that is responsible for mental processes
Controls perception and discrimination of sensory stimuli

Question 3

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 3

Has 2 Functional Systems: Somatic & Autonomic Nervous Systems

Question 4

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 4

Controls conscious sensory perception and volitional movement
2 Main Parts:
Cranial Nerves & Spinal Nerves

Question 5

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 5

Controls glands and the visceral system (involuntary)
2 Main Systems:
Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Systems

Question 6

Sympathetic System

Answer 6

Expends Energy Ex. Fight/Flight

Question 7

Parasympathetic System

Answer 7

Conserves Energy - brings us back to normal levels after fight/flight.

Question 8

Protections for the CNS

Answer 8

Skull/Vertebral Column, Meninges, & Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 9

Cranial Vault

Answer 9

The space in the skull in which the brain sits

Question 10

Foramen Magnum

Answer 10

The hole at the base of the skull that allows the spinal column to attach to the skull.

Question 11

Vertebral Column

Answer 11

33 Bones:
Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacral - 5
Coccygeal - 4

Question 12

Intervertebral Foramena

Answer 12

Hole in the vertebra that allows the nerves to pass through

Question 13

Mininges

Answer 13

Made up of 3 Membranes:

Dura Mater, Arachnoid, Pia Mater

Question 14

Dura Mater

Answer 14

Outermost membrane of the meninges
Very tough, fibrous membrane that lines the inner surface of the skull and spinal column
Provides protective covering for the CNS

Question 15

Epidural/Extradural Hemorrhage

Answer 15

Bleeding on top of the dura mater

Question 16

Hematoma

Answer 16

The resulting accumulation of blood from an epidural/extradural hemorrhage

Question 17

Dural Reflection

Answer 17

The inner layer folds of the dura mater

Question 18

Falx Cerebri

Answer 18

The dural reflection that falls between the 2 hemispheres

Question 19

Tentorium Cerebelli

Answer 19

The dural reflection that runs between the cerebra hemispheres and the cerebellum

Question 20

Falx Cerebelli

Answer 20

Separates the “hemispheres” of the cerebellum

Question 21

Arachnoid

Answer 21

Middle membrane of the meninges
Contains no blood vessels
Doesn’t conform to the contours of the brain; no reflections

Question 22

Subarachnoid Space

Answer 22

The spaces between the arachnoid and the pia mater that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

Subarachnoid Cistern

Answer 23

The number of large cavities between the arachnoid and the pia mater;
Filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 24

Pia Mater

Answer 24

The innermost membrane of the meninges

Inner surface does NOT have blood vessels, but the outer surface does

Question 25

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Answer 25

When the blood vessels in the outer surface of the pia mater are damaged and bleed.

Question 26

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Answer 26

A watery fluid that bathes the entire CNS

Allows the brain to float in the skull

Question 27

The Brain (overview)

Answer 27

Divided into 2 parts called hemispheres that are connected by the corpus collosum
Avg. human brain weighs about 3 lbs
Composed of approx. ¾ water and ¼ neurons, glial cells, and connective tissue
For DESCRIPTIVE PURPOSES the brain is divided into different parts: Cerebrum/Cortex, Diencephalon, and Brain Stem.