lecture 5

Question 1

what is a mental disorder

Answer 1

a set of behavioral or psychological symptoms that are not keeping with social norms and are severe enough to cause significant and personal distress to overall functioning

Question 2

what is biomedical model of mental disorder

Answer 2

all mental disorders wholly attributable to organic pathology ex. drugs

Question 3

what is biopsychsocial model of mental disorder

Answer 3

pathology, genetics, upbringing, culture, societal, and familial factors

Question 4

what are level 1 disorders

Answer 4

1. Anxiety disorder
2. Depressive disorders
3. Bipolar Disorder
4. Schizophrenia spectrum and Psychotic disorders
5. PTSD
6. Personality disorders (antisocial and
7. OCD

Question 5

what is anxiety disorder

Answer 5

disproportionate fear and sadness without cause suicidal ideation. uncomfortable sympathetic activation

Question 6

what are some specific anxiety disorders? how do you treat these anxiety disorders

Answer 6

you have phobia, panic disorders, and social anxiety disorder. the treatment is usually SSRI’s and Benzo

Question 7

what is humanist explanation for mental disorders

Answer 7

people werent able to achieve self actualization where idealized self isnt congruent with actual self. solved by therapy provided patient with unconditional positivity

Question 8

what is depressive disorders? what is biological perspective of depressive disorders? treatment for this from bio standpoint

Answer 8

depressive disorders like MDD causes sad, empty, and or irritable mood not related to normal grief.
biological perspective states that depleted NT levels, genetics causes this and is treated by SSRIS: increased serotonin

Question 9

what is monoamine hypothesis? what are MAOI’s?

Answer 9

predicts that underlying pathophysiological basis of depression is a depletion in levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine in CNS.
MAOI’s are monoamine oxidase inhibitors that allow these molecules to last longer.

Question 10

what is bipolar disorder? define manic and depressive phases

Answer 10

bipolar disorder is bridge between psychotic and depressive disorders involved with cycles. Manic phase: high energy, high self esteem, racing thoughts and quick talking. Depressed phase: low energy, low self esteem, etc

Question 11

Bipolar 1 is more what? Bipolar 2?

Answer 11

Bipolar 1: more manic and Bipolar 2: more depression

Question 12

schizophrenia spectrum and psychotic disorders are characterized as

Answer 12

delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and thoughts and -symptoms

Question 13

describe schizophrenia + and - symptoms as well as cognitive symptoms

Answer 13

(+) symptoms: psychotic behaviors and hallucinations and delusions
(-) symptoms: disruption to normal emotions and flattened affect
cognitive symptoms: poor executive function, bad working memory, and unorganized thoughts

Question 14

what are personality disorders? describe the clusters by characterizing names

Answer 14

they are enduring patterns of inflexible behaviors across a range of settings and relationship. cluster A is weird, odd and eccentric. cluster B is wild, dramatic and erratic. cluster C is worried, anxious, and fearful
WEIRD WILD WORRIED ABC

Question 15

what is OCD

Answer 15

obsessions (thoughts or urges) and/or compulsions

Question 16

what is somatic symptom disorder

Answer 16

excessive and or medically unexplainable symptoms like hypochondria

Question 17

what is dissociative disorders

Answer 17

disruptions and or discontinuations in coreidentity

Question 18

what are level 2 disorders?

Answer 18

1. neurodevelopmental disorders
2. neurocognitive disorders
3. sleep-wake disorders

Question 19

what is neurodevelopmental disorders and include example

Answer 19

manifest early in development usually before grade school. they appear as deficits and hard to treat like autism disorder

Question 20

what is autism

Answer 20

characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties and repetition of patterns. more common in males

Question 21

what is neurocognitive disorders? what are two examples

Answer 21

cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in complex attention, executive functioning, learning, memory. we have Alzheimer’s and parkinsons

Question 22

Alzheimer’s has what two abnormal structures in the brain

Answer 22

amyloid plaque: clumps of protein fragments that accumulate OUTSIDE OF CELL
neurofibrillary tangles: clumps of protein INSIDE OF CELL

Question 23

Parkinson’s is caused by what? what are the abnormal structures seen here?

Answer 23

this is caused by low dopamine levels where dopaminergic neurons in the BASAL ganglia die off making it park to control movements. the abnormal aggregate of proteins are called lewy bodies in the brain

Question 24

what are sleep-wake disorders? what are the two types? define them

Answer 24

sleep wake disorders are disturbance in quality, timings, and or amount of sleep.
we have Dyssomnias: bad amount, quality, or timing like insomnia and narcolepsy
and Parasomnias: abnormal behaviors while asleep like night terrors and night walking

Question 25

how many stages do we have in sleep? describe the repair that occurs in each one

Answer 25

we have REM: psychological repair
stage 1:
stage 2:
stage 3: mental relaxation
stage 4: physical repair

Question 26

what are the three types of waves that occur in the brain? when do they happen?

Answer 26

we have gamma waves: intense multitasking
beta waves: working
alpha waves: chilling