lecture 1

Question 1

sociology

Answer 1

the study of society and the individual in relation to society

Question 2

macro vs micro

Answer 2

Macro-Top down view begins with society as a whole then down to the individual. the premise is that individual position within social structures determine behavior
Micro-bottom up view begins with the 1 on 1 interactions. the premise is that human behavior is the result of individual interpretations

Question 3

what are the 3 classical theories and are they micro or macro?

Answer 3

1. functionalism -macro (-) feedback
2. conflict theory- macro (+) feedback
3. symbolic interactionalism- micro

Question 4

Social constructionism Macro or micro?

Answer 4

Both macro and micro

Question 5

rational choice/exchange theory macro or micro?

Answer 5

micro

Question 6

feminist theory macro/micro

Answer 6

macro and micro

Question 7

who is the father of functionalism

Answer 7

Emile Durkheim

Question 8

what does structural functionalism state?

Answer 8

individual parts work together to maintain solidarity, order, and balance. homeostasis-like parts of a society work together to maintain dynamic equilibrium which creates common consciousness. societies have thrived for generations because they have self regulating/correcting mechanisms

Question 9

what causes dysfunction in structural functionalism and define it

Answer 9

anomie: a mismatch between wider social standards and standards of individual within that wider society

Question 10

What are manifest and latent functions

Answer 10

manifest functions are intended or obvious functions of an organizations. latent functions are unintended or less recognizable of an organization

Question 11

what is the flaw of functionalism

Answer 11

societies do not work as well for some people as they do for others

Question 12

what does conflict theory state?

Answer 12

parts of society work against each other in competition for limited resources (social, political, and material power). imbalances between the haves and havenots creates a class struggle

Question 13

who is mr conflict theory

Answer 13

karl marx

Question 14

what occurs once people get class consciousness

Answer 14

capitalism is replaced by socialism where production is collectivity owned in order to benefit all members of society equally

Question 15

class consciousness

Answer 15

a social condition in which members of lower class are aware of themselves as a group that is exploited by wealthy

Question 16

false consciousness

Answer 16

lack of awareness; members of lower class see themselves as individuals and not as a exploited group

Question 17

common consciousness

Answer 17

the set of shared beliefs, ideas, and moral attitudes which operate as a unifying force within society.

Question 18

flaws of marx’s theory

Answer 18

predicted that the instability if capitalism wouldve been changed by now

Question 19

Who is Max Weber

Answer 19

he is a conflict theorist and symbolic interactionist and he stated that there could be more than one source of conflict not just income but wealth, power, prestige, and ideas

Question 20

rationalism

Answer 20

societies trend toward increasing efficiency and away from religion, spirituality and morality

Question 21

what does rationalism promote and define that

Answer 21

promotes bureaucracies and those are agencies of non elected officials that administer the laws of society

Question 22

what is symbolic interactionalism state?

Answer 22

people act based on meaning (meanings come from social interactions and adapted through interaction)

Question 23

symbols

Answer 23

culturally derived social objects that have shared meanings created from and maintained through social interaction

Question 24

Mr social interactionism

Answer 24

George Herbert Mead

Question 25

generalized other

Answer 25

the generalized attitude of a large social group of you

Question 26

me

Answer 26

social self; developed through interactions with others (judgement of others)

Question 27

I

Answer 27

arises in response to the “me” its one personal identity and individuality (pilot) ex. thinking is a discussion between me and i, i does what it wants but me worries about judgement

Question 28

looking glass self

Answer 28

stated by charles cooley asserted that we imagine how we appear to others, how others think about us based on observation of us, and we develop feelings about ourselves based on OUR imagined judgement of others

Question 29

what does social constructionism

Answer 29

individual interaction results in socially agreed-upon constructs

Question 30

socialization

Answer 30

dynamic process by which a person internalizes the values, beliefs, and norms of society and learns to be a member of society

Question 31

social interactionalism vs social constructionism

Answer 31

social interactionism focuses on symbols related to doctor and see how symptoms impact interaction and its ALWAYS MICRO while social constructionism focuses on social construct of health, illness, and healthcare. can be macro or micro

Question 32

first wave of feminism

Answer 32

focuses on womens suffrage; the right to vote, own property, and equal wages

Question 33

second wave of feminism

Answer 33

focuses on womens social liberties; gender equality, equal pay, sexual de stigmatization and reproductive rights

Question 34

third wave of feminism

Answer 34

focused on INTERSECTIONALITY: the study of how social identities like gender, race, and class interact

Question 35

glass escalator

Answer 35

refers to the way men are often fasttracked to advanced positions when entering women-dominate professions

Question 36

glass ceiling

Answer 36

a metaphor representing an invisible barrier that prevents a certain demographic from rising beyond a certain level

Question 37

what scope can feminism be

Answer 37

micro or macro

Question 38

rational choice theory

Answer 38

people make decisions by comparing the costs and benefits (comes from economic theory) goal is so reduce the costs and maximize the benefits

Question 39

exchange theory

Answer 39

people respond to rewards and punishments goal is to reduce the punishments and maximize the rewards (comes from behavioral psych)