Lecture 5 Flashcards
Volcanoes erupting = point source or non-point source
Point source
Any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged, such as a pipe, ditch, ship or factory smokestack
Point source
What are some examples of point source pollution?
1) Water pollution from sewage outlet
2) Air pollution from industrial factory
3) Noise pollution from ship
Why do we use sedimentation in sewage treatment?
For big particles removal
Why do we reduce oxygen in sewage treatment?
To reduce the number of living species
Why do we add chlorine in sewage treatment?
To kill micro-organisms
BOD:
biological oxygen demand
NPRI:
National pollutant release inventory
Canada’s legislated, publicly accessible inventory of pollutant releases (air, water, land) , disposals and transfers
NPRI
What is the US equivalent to NPRI:
TRI (Toxic release Inventory)
Most common type of pollution:
air pollution
Give some characteristics of non-point source of pollution:
- from diffuse sources
- mainly due to precipitation (rain/snow)
Give some examples of non-point source:
- fertilizers, pesticides from agriculture and residential areas
- oil, grease and toxic chemicals from urban runoff
- salt from irrigation practices
What are the major entry points of pollution (3):
- water
- land
- air
Kow =
conc in octanol / conc in water
low Kow and more soluble in
water
What are the 2 general rules of vapor pressure:
1) increases with rising temperature
2) decreases with weight
What is fugacity?
The escaping tendency of chemical from a particular component (air, water, soil)
Why do we see the arctic serving as a sink for pollution?
1) POPs source region = warm region where POPs evaporate
2) POPs move in air by winds to colder places such as the north
3) In cold temperatures, POPs condenses and fall to earth
4) Also biomagnification is more important in the arctic because the number of trophic levels is higher
What is fick’s law:
diffusion along a gradient (high to low)
