Lecture 5

Question 1

Volcanoes erupting = point source or non-point source

Answer 1

Point source

Question 2

Any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged, such as a pipe, ditch, ship or factory smokestack

Answer 2

Point source

Question 3

What are some examples of point source pollution?

Answer 3

1) Water pollution from sewage outlet
2) Air pollution from industrial factory
3) Noise pollution from ship

Question 4

Why do we use sedimentation in sewage treatment?

Answer 4

For big particles removal

Question 5

Why do we reduce oxygen in sewage treatment?

Answer 5

To reduce the number of living species

Question 6

Why do we add chlorine in sewage treatment?

Answer 6

To kill micro-organisms

Question 7

BOD:

Answer 7

biological oxygen demand

Question 8

NPRI:

Answer 8

National pollutant release inventory

Question 9

Canada’s legislated, publicly accessible inventory of pollutant releases (air, water, land) , disposals and transfers

Answer 9

NPRI

Question 10

What is the US equivalent to NPRI:

Answer 10

TRI (Toxic release Inventory)

Question 11

Most common type of pollution:

Answer 11

air pollution

Question 12

Give some characteristics of non-point source of pollution:

Answer 12

• from diffuse sources

- mainly due to precipitation (rain/snow)

Question 13

Give some examples of non-point source:

Answer 13

• fertilizers, pesticides from agriculture and residential areas
• oil, grease and toxic chemicals from urban runoff
• salt from irrigation practices

Question 14

What are the major entry points of pollution (3):

Answer 14

• water
• land
• air

Question 15

Kow =

Answer 15

conc in octanol / conc in water

Question 16

low Kow and more soluble in

Answer 16

water

Question 17

What are the 2 general rules of vapor pressure:

Answer 17

1) increases with rising temperature

2) decreases with weight

Question 18

What is fugacity?

Answer 18

The escaping tendency of chemical from a particular component (air, water, soil)

Question 19

Why do we see the arctic serving as a sink for pollution?

Answer 19

1) POPs source region = warm region where POPs evaporate
2) POPs move in air by winds to colder places such as the north
3) In cold temperatures, POPs condenses and fall to earth
4) Also biomagnification is more important in the arctic because the number of trophic levels is higher

Question 20

What is fick’s law:

Answer 20

diffusion along a gradient (high to low)