Lecture 4 Fat Flashcards
What are the major sources of lipids in animals?
- Membrane structure (general + myelin)
- Energy source
- Metabolic regulation and hormones
What are the symptoms associated with an EFA deficiency?
- Growth retardation
- Increased permeability to H2O
- Increased water consumption
- Increased susceptibility to infections
- Infertility
- Kidney damage + hypertension
- Decreased visual acuity
- Decreased myocardial contractility
- Decreased ATP production in liver and heart
What are the fatty acid families?
- Non-essential fatty acids
- Essential fatty acids n-6
- Essential Fatty acid n-3
What is an essential fatty acid?
- considered to be essential if it is not able to be consumed in the diet
What is n-6 fatty acid supply in the diet come from?
• Most oils extracted from plants
–>Linseed and canola are main exceptions to the rule
• Linoleic acid
Where does the n-3 fatty acid supply in the diet come from?
- Chloroplasts- green fodder and algae
- Plankton/algae oceans and river
- Fish
- Linolenic acid
What are the two essential acids for cats?
- n-6 C18:2 (linoleic acid)
* n-6 C20:4 (arachidonic acid)
What is meant by the term eicosanoid?
An immunoregulatory compound that has hormone like effects and is produced from essential fatty acids.
Are the n-3 series of amino acids inflammatory or anti-inflammatory?
Anti-inflammatory
What is the basic requirement for crude fat in the diet for dogs and for growing puppies?
Dogs should be fed 5% for maintenance or 8% for growing puppies
