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CHEM 101 > Lecture 4: Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

The behavior of acids and bases are described by two theories

A
  1. Arrhenius Theory
  2. Bronsted Lowry Theory
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2
Q

substances that produce hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution

A

ACIDS

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3
Q

substances that produce hydroxide ions (OH- ) in aqueous solutions

A

BASES

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4
Q

THEORY: acids are proton (H+ ) donors while bases are proton acceptors

A

BRONSTED LOWRY THEORY

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5
Q

are proton (H+ ) donors

A

Acids

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6
Q

are proton acceptors

A

Bases

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7
Q

Acid-base reactions possess

A

conjugate pairs

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8
Q

Conjugate pairs are ______ in strength

A

opposite

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9
Q

is the scale that indicates the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution

A

pH

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10
Q

pH is determined by the amount of

A

hydronium ions (H3O+ ) present

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11
Q

Basic solutions contain

A

hydroxide ions (OH-)

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12
Q

pH low

A

acidic

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13
Q

pH high

A

basic

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14
Q

is the process where bonds in molecules and in ionic compounds split into ions

A

Dissociation

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15
Q

Strong acids and bases dissociate _______

A

completely

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16
Q

Weak acids and bases dissociate

A

partially

17
Q

Double arrows also indicate that a chemical reaction is in a state of

A

chemical equilibrium

18
Q

There are different methods in determining the pH of a solution or substance

A
  1. pH paper
  2. pH indicators
  3. pH meter
19
Q

Cannot fully determine the exact level or in between

A

pH paper

20
Q

Cannot be used in highly colored liquids

A

pH indicators

21
Q

Most accurate and most expensive

A

pH meter

22
Q

The pH of blood and other body fluids is maintained by the body in a range between

A

7.35 to 7.45

23
Q

imbalance in metabolic or respiratory processes

A

physiological pH

24
Q

A drop in normal pH is referred to as

A

acidosis

25
Q

a rise in normal pH is referred to as

A

alkalosis

26
Q

Acidosis or alkalosis is further described as ________ if the pH change is caused by problems in the process of gas exchanges

A

respiratory

27
Q

pH when dissolved in water:
Acid - Strong
Base - Strong
Salt - Neutral

A

7

28
Q

pH when dissolved in water:
Acid - Strong
Base - Weak
Salt - Acidic

A

<7

29
Q

pH when dissolved in water:
Acid - Weak
Base - Strong
Salt - Basic

A

> 7

30
Q

THEORY: Describes ACIDS as substances that produce hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution and BASES as substances that produce hydroxide ions (OH- ) in aqueous solutions

A

Arrhenius Theory

CHEM 101 (12 decks)

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