FT LEC: Nucleic Acids Flashcards
an unbranched polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Provides information on how to make new cells
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Who discovered Nucleic Acids?
Friedrich Miescher in 1869
Initially found in cell nuclei and are acidic in nature
NUCLEIC ACIDS
TYPES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
- Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Passes from existing cells to new cells during cell division/mitosis
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Found within the cell nucleus
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Stores and transfers genetic information
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Occurs in all parts of a cell
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Primary function is the synthesis of proteins
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids
NUCLEOTIDE
a three-subunit molecule in which a pentose sugar is bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base
NUCLEOTIDE
For DNA
2-deoxyribose
Components of a nucleotide
o Pentose sugar
o Heterocyclic base
o Phosphate group (PO43-)
For RNA
Ribose
Three pyrimidine derivatives
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Uracil (U)
Two purine derivatives
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
is found only in RNA
o Uracil
is found only in DNA
o Thymine
Derived from phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
PHOSPATE
The alternating sugar-phosphate chain in a nucleic acid structure is often called the
nucleic acid backbone