Lecture 4 Flashcards
AROM
patient is doing the movement, with full contraction
PROM
the PT is doing the movement, patient does not do any contraction
AAROM
helping the patient with a dowel, table, wall, etc while patient does active muscle contraction
requires muscle coordination
Range of Motion
technique used for examination of movement and for initiating movement into a purposeful therapeutic intervention
ROM is NOT stretching
Active insufficiency
the point where a muscle can shorten no more. Force production has ended
Passive insufficiency
the point where a muscle is in full elongation. Elongation beyond normal ROM = strain
Functional excursion
the distance a muscle is capable of shortening after it has been elongated to its maximum
Arthrokinematics
movement of joint surfaces
roll, spin, glide
necessary component of osteokinematic motion
Osteokinematics
movements of bones
described in terms of planes
Factors that lead to decreased ROM
systemic illness or disease
joint pathology
neurological compromise
muscular diseases
surgery
traumatic events
inactivity sedentary
immobilization
Goals of PROM
prevention of negative effects of immobility
decrease pain
enhancement of vascular dynamics and synovial diffusion
loads joints
examine/determine limitations of motion
relaxation
Goals of AAROM
initiation of muscle activity
prevention of negative effects of immobility
decrease pain
enhancement of vascular dynamics and synovial diffusion
Methods of delivering AAROM
Self-assisted
wall pulleys
table/wall slides
use of objects
aquatic environment
Goals of AROM
Contraction of muscle
may increase strength
Restore/promote normal, functional movement patterns
prevention of negative effects of immobility
decrease pain
enhancement of vascular dynamics and synovial diffusion
Methods of AROM
single plane motion
multiple planes of motion
gravity minimized if weak
games
mirrors
