Lecture 35: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 2 Flashcards
What does the scrotum do?
House the testes away from the body to maintain temperature at approximately 34 degrees
What is the scrotum lined by?
The dartos muscle which contracts to wrinkle the skin and reduce the surface area for heat exchange
What does the cremaster muscle do?
Contracts to bring testes closer to to the body for heat conservation
How many spermatic cords are there?
2
Where do the spermatic cords run?
Between the abdomen and testes
What do the spermatic cords contain?
Ductus deferens, blood vessels (testicular arteries and veins), nerves and lymphatics
What are the functions of the penis?
Urination and copulation (insemination)
What shaped organ is the penis?
Cylindrical
What are the components of the penis?
Root (bulb), body (mobile part) and glans covered by prepuce/foreskin
What are the erectile tissues in the penis?
Two corpora cavernosa (corpus cavernosum) and one corpus spongiosum
What is the main erectile tissue?
Corpus cavernosum
What erectile tissue is on the dorsal aspect?
Corpus cavernosum
What does the corpus spongiosum contain?
The urethra
What does the corpus spongiosum form?
Bulb and glans
What erectile tissue is on the ventral aspect?
Corpus spongiosum
How are spermatozoa carried into the female reproductive tract?
In seminal fluid (together called semen)
What is seminal fluid produced by?
Three accessory glands (seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral gland)
What are the seminal vesicles?
Two glands located posterior to the bladder and lateral to the ampulla
What do seminal vesicles produce?
Viscous secretion
What portion of semen comes from the seminal vesicles?
60%
What are the properties of seminal fluid from the seminal vesicles?
Alkaline pH protects sperm against acidic environment in the male urethra and female vagins
Where are the prostate glands located?
Inferior to the bladder and wraps around the prostatic urethra
What amount of semen comes from the prostate gland?
30%
What is the seminal fluid from the prostate gland like?
Slightly acidic and milky
What does seminal fluid from the prostate gland contain?
PSA: prostate specific androgen
What does seminal fluid from the prostate gland contribute to?
Sperm activation, viability and motility
What is the remaining 5% of semen?
Spermatozoa