Lecture 34: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1

Question 1

How does the reproductive system compare between males and females?

Answer 1

It differs greatly

Question 2

What are gonads?

Answer 2

Organs where gametes (sex cells) are produced

Question 3

What are the female gonads?

Answer 3

Ovary which produce oocytes

Question 4

What are the male gonads?

Answer 4

Testes which produce spermatozoa

Question 5

What does genitalia allow for?

Answer 5

Coitus so that gametes can fuse to from an embryo (fertilisation)

Question 6

What is the pelvis?

Answer 6

The bony basin between trunk and lower limbs

Question 7

What is the pelvis made up of?

Answer 7

Hip bones (ilium and ischium), sacrum and coccyx

Question 8

How is the pelvic inlet?

Answer 8

Open (within pelvic brim)

Question 9

How is the pelvic outlet?

Answer 9

Closed by muscles (ischial tuberosity and coccyx)

Question 10

What is always bigger?

Answer 10

The inlet is always bigger than the outlet

Question 11

What are the two pelvic subdivisions?

Answer 11

False/greater pelvis and true/lesser pelvis

Question 12

What is the false/ greater pelvis?

Answer 12

Superior region found above the pelvic inlet which contains the GI tract

Question 13

What is the true/lesser pelvis?

Answer 13

Inferior region between inlet and outlet which contains internal reproductive organs

Question 14

How does the subpubic angle compare in males and females?

Answer 14

Broader in females (greater than or equal to 100 degrees) compared to males which is narrower (less than 90 degrees)

Question 15

How does the pelvic inlet compare in males and females?

Answer 15

Oval in female and heart shaped in male

Question 16

How does the coccyx compare in males and females?

Answer 16

Straighter in females and curved in males

Question 17

What does the pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) do?

Answer 17

Closes over the pelvic outlet

Question 18

What are the muscles of the pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm)?

Answer 18

levator ani and coccygeus

Question 19

What are the openings in the pelvic floor?

Answer 19

Urethra, anal canal and vagina (females)

Question 20

What is the male perineum?

Answer 20

The region inferior to the pelvic floor and between the upper region of the thighs

Question 21

What does the male perineum include?

Answer 21

External genitalia and anus

Question 22

What are the divisions of the perineum?

Answer 22

Urogenital triangle and anal triangle

Question 23

Which triangle is anterior?

Answer 23

Urogenital triangle

Question 24

What is found in the urogenital triangle?

Answer 24

Urethral opening and external genitalia

Question 25

Which triangle is posterior?

Answer 25

Anal triangle

Question 26

What is found in the anal triangle?

Answer 26

Anal canal and fat

Question 27

What is the functions of the male reproductive system?

Answer 27

To produce spermatozoa (sperm/male gamete) and transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract

Question 28

What is the male reproductive system made up of?

Answer 28

testes (male gonad), reproductive tract/duct, accessory structures and glands

Question 29

What is the male reproductive tract?

Answer 29

The path that sperm travel along

Question 30

What does the male reproductive tract include?

Answer 30

Testes, epididymis, ductus (vas) deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra

Question 31

What does the scrotum contain?

Answer 31

two testes, two epididymides and two spermatic cords (with part of ductus deferens)

Question 32

What do the testes produce?

Answer 32

Sperm, testosterone and inhibin

Question 33

Where do the testes lie?

Answer 33

In the scrotum- outside the body

Question 34

What is the testes surrounded by?

Answer 34

A dense fibrous capsule - tunica albuginea

Question 35

What do the testes have?

Answer 35

Lobules containing seminiferous tubules

Question 36

What is the site of spermatogenesis?

Answer 36

Seminiferous tubules

Question 37

What do the tubules do?

Answer 37

Join to form rete testis

Question 38

What do the rete testis do?

Answer 38

Join to form ductules leading to the epididymis

Question 39

What do interstitial endocrine (leydig) cells do?

Answer 39

Produce testosterone

Question 40

What do nurse (sertoli) cells do?

Answer 40

Produce inhibin

Question 41

What do spermatogenic cells have?

Answer 41

Spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development

Question 42

What are the cell types in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 42

Interstitial endocrine (leydig), nurse (sertoli) and spermatogenic

Question 43

What are the regions of the epididymis?

Answer 43

Head, body and tail

Question 44

Where does the sperm enter the epididymis from?

Answer 44

The seminiferous tubules

Question 45

Where does the sperm exit the epididymis?

Answer 45

Via ductus deferens

Question 46

What is the site of sperm maturation?

Answer 46

Epididymis

Question 47

What is the ductus deferens also known as?

Answer 47

Vas deferens

Question 48

What does the ductus deferens continue from?

Answer 48

The epididymis

Question 49

Where does the ductus deferens start?

Answer 49

In the spermatic cord

Question 50

What is the ductus deferens covered in?

Answer 50

Smooth muscle

Question 51

Where does the ductus deferens run?

Answer 51

Behind the urinary bladder (superior and posterior)

Question 52

What does the ductus deferens dilate to form?

Answer 52

The ampulla

Question 53

What is the ejaculatory duct formed by?

Answer 53

The union of the duct from the seminal vesicle and the ampulla

Question 54

What does the ejaculatory duct open into?

Answer 54

The prostatic urethra

Question 55

What are the functions of the male urethra?

Answer 55

Urination and ejaculation

Question 56

What is the internal urinary sphincter?

Answer 56

Detrusor muscle

Question 57

What does the internal urinary sphincter do?

Answer 57

Closes bladder ensuring sperm are ejaculated through the urethra

Question 58

What is retrograde ejaculation?

Answer 58

Internal urinary sphincter doesn’t close therefore sperm ends up in the bladder