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HUBS192 Melia > Lecture 34: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 34: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How does the reproductive system compare between males and females?

A

It differs greatly

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2
Q

What are gonads?

A

Organs where gametes (sex cells) are produced

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3
Q

What are the female gonads?

A

Ovary which produce oocytes

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4
Q

What are the male gonads?

A

Testes which produce spermatozoa

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5
Q

What does genitalia allow for?

A

Coitus so that gametes can fuse to from an embryo (fertilisation)

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6
Q

What is the pelvis?

A

The bony basin between trunk and lower limbs

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7
Q

What is the pelvis made up of?

A

Hip bones (ilium and ischium), sacrum and coccyx

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8
Q

How is the pelvic inlet?

A

Open (within pelvic brim)

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9
Q

How is the pelvic outlet?

A

Closed by muscles (ischial tuberosity and coccyx)

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10
Q

What is always bigger?

A

The inlet is always bigger than the outlet

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11
Q

What are the two pelvic subdivisions?

A

False/greater pelvis and true/lesser pelvis

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12
Q

What is the false/ greater pelvis?

A

Superior region found above the pelvic inlet which contains the GI tract

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13
Q

What is the true/lesser pelvis?

A

Inferior region between inlet and outlet which contains internal reproductive organs

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14
Q

How does the subpubic angle compare in males and females?

A

Broader in females (greater than or equal to 100 degrees) compared to males which is narrower (less than 90 degrees)

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15
Q

How does the pelvic inlet compare in males and females?

A

Oval in female and heart shaped in male

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16
Q

How does the coccyx compare in males and females?

A

Straighter in females and curved in males

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17
Q

What does the pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) do?

A

Closes over the pelvic outlet

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18
Q

What are the muscles of the pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm)?

A

levator ani and coccygeus

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19
Q

What are the openings in the pelvic floor?

A

Urethra, anal canal and vagina (females)

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20
Q

What is the male perineum?

A

The region inferior to the pelvic floor and between the upper region of the thighs

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21
Q

What does the male perineum include?

A

External genitalia and anus

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22
Q

What are the divisions of the perineum?

A

Urogenital triangle and anal triangle

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23
Q

Which triangle is anterior?

A

Urogenital triangle

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24
Q

What is found in the urogenital triangle?

A

Urethral opening and external genitalia

25
Q

Which triangle is posterior?

A

Anal triangle

26
Q

What is found in the anal triangle?

A

Anal canal and fat

27
Q

What is the functions of the male reproductive system?

A

To produce spermatozoa (sperm/male gamete) and transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract

28
Q

What is the male reproductive system made up of?

A

testes (male gonad), reproductive tract/duct, accessory structures and glands

29
Q

What is the male reproductive tract?

A

The path that sperm travel along

30
Q

What does the male reproductive tract include?

A

Testes, epididymis, ductus (vas) deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra

31
Q

What does the scrotum contain?

A

two testes, two epididymides and two spermatic cords (with part of ductus deferens)

32
Q

What do the testes produce?

A

Sperm, testosterone and inhibin

33
Q

Where do the testes lie?

A

In the scrotum- outside the body

34
Q

What is the testes surrounded by?

A

A dense fibrous capsule - tunica albuginea

35
Q

What do the testes have?

A

Lobules containing seminiferous tubules

36
Q

What is the site of spermatogenesis?

A

Seminiferous tubules

37
Q

What do the tubules do?

A

Join to form rete testis

38
Q

What do the rete testis do?

A

Join to form ductules leading to the epididymis

39
Q

What do interstitial endocrine (leydig) cells do?

A

Produce testosterone

40
Q

What do nurse (sertoli) cells do?

A

Produce inhibin

41
Q

What do spermatogenic cells have?

A

Spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development

42
Q

What are the cell types in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Interstitial endocrine (leydig), nurse (sertoli) and spermatogenic

43
Q

What are the regions of the epididymis?

A

Head, body and tail

44
Q

Where does the sperm enter the epididymis from?

A

The seminiferous tubules

45
Q

Where does the sperm exit the epididymis?

A

Via ductus deferens

46
Q

What is the site of sperm maturation?

A

Epididymis

47
Q

What is the ductus deferens also known as?

A

Vas deferens

48
Q

What does the ductus deferens continue from?

A

The epididymis

49
Q

Where does the ductus deferens start?

A

In the spermatic cord

50
Q

What is the ductus deferens covered in?

A

Smooth muscle

51
Q

Where does the ductus deferens run?

A

Behind the urinary bladder (superior and posterior)

52
Q

What does the ductus deferens dilate to form?

A

The ampulla

53
Q

What is the ejaculatory duct formed by?

A

The union of the duct from the seminal vesicle and the ampulla

54
Q

What does the ejaculatory duct open into?

A

The prostatic urethra

55
Q

What are the functions of the male urethra?

A

Urination and ejaculation

56
Q

What is the internal urinary sphincter?

A

Detrusor muscle

57
Q

What does the internal urinary sphincter do?

A

Closes bladder ensuring sperm are ejaculated through the urethra

58
Q

What is retrograde ejaculation?

A

Internal urinary sphincter doesn’t close therefore sperm ends up in the bladder

HUBS192 Melia (38 decks)

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