Lecture 30: Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main functions of blood?

A

To transport, regulate and protect

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2
Q

What is the viscosity of blood?

A

Between 4.5 and 5.5

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3
Q

What is the temperature of blood?

A

38 degrees

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4
Q

What is the pH of blood?

A

7.35

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5
Q

How much blood is in an adult male?

A

5-6L

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6
Q

Blood is made up of what?

A

Formed elements and plasma

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7
Q

Describe formed elements

A

Cells and cell like structures
45% of volume of blood

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8
Q

Describe plasma

A

The liquid of blood. Contains dissolved substances
55% of volume of blood

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9
Q

What is the more common term for erythrocytes?

A

Red blood cells

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10
Q

Describe erythrocytes

A

8um in diameter, contain hemoglobin, have a life span of about 120 days, new RBCs are formed in the red bone marrow

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11
Q

Why are erythrocytes considered non true cells

A

They have no nucleus. Cannot divide or carry out metabolic activities

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12
Q

What is the more common name for leukocytes?

A

White blood cells

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13
Q

What are three factors used to classify white blood cells?

A
  • What is its size in comparison to RBC around it?
  • Does it have granules?
  • Is its nucleus lobes or unlobed?
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14
Q

What are the kinds of granular and polymorphonuclear leukocytes?

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

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15
Q

Describe neutrophils

A
  • Most abundant
  • Have 2-6 lobed nucleus, where it’s lobes are connected.
  • Are 12-15 um in diameter
  • Have abundant granules
  • Phagocytic and fire line of defense against bacterial invasion
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16
Q

Describe eosinophils

A

Make up 2-4% of white blood cells
Are 12-15 um in diameter
Bilobed nucleus
Cytoplasm is filled with large uniform spherical granules

17
Q

Describe basophils

A

Least common white blood cell
10-12 um in diameter
Have 2-3 irregular lobes
Obscured by dark staining granules in cytoplasm that obscure the nucleus
Granules contain histamine

18
Q

What are agrangular and mononuclear white blood cells?

A

Have no cytoplasmic granules and the nucleus is round or indented

19
Q

What are the different agrangular and mononuclear white blood cells in the blood?

A

Lymphocytes, monocytes

20
Q

What white blood cell intensifies a reaction at the site of an injury?

21
Q

Describe lymphocytes

A

Account for 20-30% of white blood cells
Are about 7-8um in diamteter
Nucleus is mononuclear that’s spherical
Has no granules
Large nucleus

22
Q

Where are lymphocytes found?

A

Found in lymphatic organs

23
Q

Describe T cells

A

Lymphocytes that are responsible for cell mediated immune response

24
Q

Describe B cells

A

Lymphocytes responsible for an antibody mediated immune response

25
Describe monocytes
Are large: 16-20 um Nucleus looks like a kidney bean Once it leaves the blood, it tuns into a macrophage
26
What are thrombocytes?
Platelets
27
Describe platelets
Non true cells smallest formed elements of blood Originate from megakaryocytes in the red bone marrow
28
What is serum?
The fluid portion of blood after the blood plasma has been clotted