Lecture 30: Blood Flashcards
What are the three main functions of blood?
To transport, regulate and protect
What is the viscosity of blood?
Between 4.5 and 5.5
What is the temperature of blood?
38 degrees
What is the pH of blood?
7.35
How much blood is in an adult male?
5-6L
Blood is made up of what?
Formed elements and plasma
Describe formed elements
Cells and cell like structures
45% of volume of blood
Describe plasma
The liquid of blood. Contains dissolved substances
55% of volume of blood
What is the more common term for erythrocytes?
Red blood cells
Describe erythrocytes
8um in diameter, contain hemoglobin, have a life span of about 120 days, new RBCs are formed in the red bone marrow
Why are erythrocytes considered non true cells
They have no nucleus. Cannot divide or carry out metabolic activities
What is the more common name for leukocytes?
White blood cells
What are three factors used to classify white blood cells?
- What is its size in comparison to RBC around it?
- Does it have granules?
- Is its nucleus lobes or unlobed?
What are the kinds of granular and polymorphonuclear leukocytes?
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Describe neutrophils
- Most abundant
- Have 2-6 lobed nucleus, where it’s lobes are connected.
- Are 12-15 um in diameter
- Have abundant granules
- Phagocytic and fire line of defense against bacterial invasion
Describe eosinophils
Make up 2-4% of white blood cells
Are 12-15 um in diameter
Bilobed nucleus
Cytoplasm is filled with large uniform spherical granules
Describe basophils
Least common white blood cell
10-12 um in diameter
Have 2-3 irregular lobes
Obscured by dark staining granules in cytoplasm that obscure the nucleus
Granules contain histamine
What are agrangular and mononuclear white blood cells?
Have no cytoplasmic granules and the nucleus is round or indented
What are the different agrangular and mononuclear white blood cells in the blood?
Lymphocytes, monocytes
What white blood cell intensifies a reaction at the site of an injury?
Basophils
Describe lymphocytes
Account for 20-30% of white blood cells
Are about 7-8um in diamteter
Nucleus is mononuclear that’s spherical
Has no granules
Large nucleus
Where are lymphocytes found?
Found in lymphatic organs
Describe T cells
Lymphocytes that are responsible for cell mediated immune response
Describe B cells
Lymphocytes responsible for an antibody mediated immune response
Describe monocytes
Are large: 16-20 um
Nucleus looks like a kidney bean
Once it leaves the blood, it tuns into a macrophage
What are thrombocytes?
Platelets
Describe platelets
Non true cells
smallest formed elements of blood
Originate from megakaryocytes in the red bone marrow
What is serum?
The fluid portion of blood after the blood plasma has been clotted
