Lecture 30: Blood

Question 1

What are the three main functions of blood?

Answer 1

To transport, regulate and protect

Question 2

What is the viscosity of blood?

Answer 2

Between 4.5 and 5.5

Question 3

What is the temperature of blood?

Answer 3

38 degrees

Question 4

What is the pH of blood?

Answer 4

7.35

Question 5

How much blood is in an adult male?

Answer 5

5-6L

Question 6

Blood is made up of what?

Answer 6

Formed elements and plasma

Question 7

Describe formed elements

Answer 7

Cells and cell like structures
45% of volume of blood

Question 8

Describe plasma

Answer 8

The liquid of blood. Contains dissolved substances
55% of volume of blood

Question 9

What is the more common term for erythrocytes?

Answer 9

Red blood cells

Question 10

Describe erythrocytes

Answer 10

8um in diameter, contain hemoglobin, have a life span of about 120 days, new RBCs are formed in the red bone marrow

Question 11

Why are erythrocytes considered non true cells

Answer 11

They have no nucleus. Cannot divide or carry out metabolic activities

Question 12

What is the more common name for leukocytes?

Answer 12

White blood cells

Question 13

What are three factors used to classify white blood cells?

Answer 13

• What is its size in comparison to RBC around it?
• Does it have granules?
• Is its nucleus lobes or unlobed?

Question 14

What are the kinds of granular and polymorphonuclear leukocytes?

Answer 14

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 15

Describe neutrophils

Answer 15

• Most abundant
• Have 2-6 lobed nucleus, where it’s lobes are connected.
• Are 12-15 um in diameter
• Have abundant granules
• Phagocytic and fire line of defense against bacterial invasion

Question 16

Describe eosinophils

Answer 16

Make up 2-4% of white blood cells
Are 12-15 um in diameter
Bilobed nucleus
Cytoplasm is filled with large uniform spherical granules

Question 17

Describe basophils

Answer 17

Least common white blood cell
10-12 um in diameter
Have 2-3 irregular lobes
Obscured by dark staining granules in cytoplasm that obscure the nucleus
Granules contain histamine

Question 18

What are agrangular and mononuclear white blood cells?

Answer 18

Have no cytoplasmic granules and the nucleus is round or indented

Question 19

What are the different agrangular and mononuclear white blood cells in the blood?

Answer 19

Lymphocytes, monocytes

Question 20

What white blood cell intensifies a reaction at the site of an injury?

Answer 20

Basophils

Question 21

Describe lymphocytes

Answer 21

Account for 20-30% of white blood cells
Are about 7-8um in diamteter
Nucleus is mononuclear that’s spherical
Has no granules
Large nucleus

Question 22

Where are lymphocytes found?

Answer 22

Found in lymphatic organs

Question 23

Describe T cells

Answer 23

Lymphocytes that are responsible for cell mediated immune response

Question 24

Describe B cells

Answer 24

Lymphocytes responsible for an antibody mediated immune response

Question 25

Describe monocytes

Answer 25

Are large: 16-20 um
Nucleus looks like a kidney bean
Once it leaves the blood, it tuns into a macrophage

Question 26

What are thrombocytes?

Answer 26

Platelets

Question 27

Describe platelets

Answer 27

Non true cells
smallest formed elements of blood
Originate from megakaryocytes in the red bone marrow

Question 28

What is serum?

Answer 28

The fluid portion of blood after the blood plasma has been clotted