L2: Organization of the Body & Anatomical Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 different levels of structural organization?

A

1) Chemicals
2) Cells
3) Tissues
4) Organs
5) Organ Systems
6) Organism

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2
Q

What is included in the axial division of the body?

A

Head, neck and trunk

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3
Q

What is included in the appendicular division of the body?

A

Upper and lower extremities (arms, legs)

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4
Q

The dorsal, ventral and abdominopelvic body cavities are found in what division?

A

Axial

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5
Q

The dorsal body cavity holds what smaller cavities?

A

1) Cranial cavity
2) Vertebral canal

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6
Q

The ventral body cavity holds what smaller cavities?

A

1) pleural cavities
2) Pericardial cavity
3) Mediastinum

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7
Q

The abdominopelvic cavity hold what smaller cavities?

A

1) Abdominal cavity
2) Pelvic cavity

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8
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A

1) Arms at sides
2) Feet & body facing forwards
3) Palms open facing forwards

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9
Q

What does superior mean?

A

Above or higher in position; towards the head

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10
Q

What does cranial mean?

A

Relating to the skull or head; toward the head

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11
Q

What does inferior mean?

A

Below or lower in position; towards the feet

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12
Q

What does caudal mean?

A

Relating to the tail; lower in position

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13
Q

What does anterior/ventral mean?

A

Nearer to or at the front of the body

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14
Q

What does posterior/dorsal mean?

A

Nearer to or at the back of the body

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15
Q

What does medial mean?

A

Nearer to the midline of the body

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16
Q

What does lateral mean?

A

Farther from the midline

17
Q

What does intermediate mean?

A

Between two structures

18
Q

What does ipsilateral mean?

A

On the same side of the body’s midline as another structure

19
Q

What does contralateral mean?

A

Opposite side of the body’s midline from another structure

20
Q

What does proximal mean?

A

Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of a structure

21
Q

What does distal mean?

A

Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the origination of a structure

22
Q

What does superficial mean?

A

Toward or on the surface of the body

23
Q

What does deep mean?

A

Away from the surface of the body

24
Q

What does bilateral mean?

A

(something on) Both sides of the body

25
What does peripheral mean?
Away from the centre. Something away from the centre of a body part
26
What does parietal mean?
Relating to the walls or outer surface/layer of a body part
27
Describe a mid-sagittal plane of the body
Divides body longitudinally in equal left and right halves
28
Describe a para-sagittal plane
Divides body longitudinally in UNequal left and right halves
29
Describe a frontal/coronal plane
Divides body into front/back halves
30
Describe a horizontal/transverse plane
Divides body into superior and inferior portions (horizontally divides)
31
Describe an oblique plane
Divides body on an angle
32
Name the 9 regions of the abdominal cavity
1) Epigastric 2) Left hypochondriac 3) Right hypochondriac 4) Umbilical 5) Left lumbar 6) Right lumbar 7) Hypogastric 8) Left iliac 9) Right iliac
33
What organ(s) are found in the epigastric region of the abdominal canal?
- Right lobe of liver - Gallbladder - Left lobe of liver - Stomach - Transverse colon of large intestine
34
What organ(s) are found in the left hypochondriac region?
- Spleen
35
What organ(s) are found in the right hypochondriac region
- Right lobe of liver
36
What organ(s) are found in the umbilical region?
Small intestine
37
What organ(s) are found in the left lumbar region?
- Descending colon of large intenstine
38
What organ(s) are found in the right lumbar region?
- Ascending colon of large intenstine
39
What organ(s) are found in the hypogastric region?
Urinary bladder