Lecture 26: Lower Limb Bones Flashcards

1
Q

What bones connect the axial skeleton to the lower appendicular skeleton?

A

The pelvic girdle

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2
Q

What bones connect the axial skeleton to the upper appendicular skeleton?

A

The pectoral girdle

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3
Q

The pelvic girdle consists of how many bones?

A

two

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4
Q

What does each hip bone consist of?

A

The ilium, ischium, and pubis

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5
Q

Describe the ilium

A

Consists of the iliac crest
Is anterior and posterior to the superior and inferior iliac spine
Consists of the greater sciatic notch

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6
Q

Describe the ischium

A

Consists of the ischial spine, the lesser sciatic notch and the ischial tubrerosity

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7
Q

Describe the pubis

A

Consists of the obturator foramen, pubic symphysis, and pubic arch

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8
Q

What is the acetabulum?

A

The part of the pelvic bone where the three bones fuse together

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9
Q

What bones make up the thigh?

A

The femur, patella

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10
Q

Describe the femur

A

Consists of a head, fovea, neck, greater trochanter (lateral), lesser trochanter (posteromedial), shaft, medial and lateral condyles, medial and lateral epicondyles, patellar surface and intercondylar fossa

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11
Q

What bones make up the leg?

A

The tibia and fibula

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12
Q

What bone is considered the shin bone?

A

The tibia

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13
Q

What components make up the tibia?

A

medial and lateral condyles on the proximal end, intercondylar eminence, tibial tuberosity, fibular notch, medial malleolus

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14
Q

What components make up the fibula?

A

The head, shaft, and lateral malleolus

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15
Q

How many bones are in the ankle?

A

7 tarsal bones

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16
Q

How many bones are in the foot?

A

5 metatarsal bones

17
Q

How many bones are in the toes?

A

14 phalanges

18
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

Synovial, ball and socket

19
Q

What movements do the hip joint permit?

A

Flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, medial and lateral rotation, and circumduction

20
Q

What classification is the knee joint

A

Synovial, modified hinge

21
Q

What movements does the knee joint permit?

A

Flexion and extension, as well as medial and lateral rotation when at full extension

22
Q

What is the joint found in the leg?

A

The tibio-fibular joint

23
Q

How many tibio-fibular joints are there? Name them and classify what type of joint they are

A

Proximal - synovial, very little movement
Middle - fibrous syndesmosis
Distal - fibrous syndesmosis

24
Q

What kind of joint is the ankle joint?

A

Synovial hinge

25
What kind of movement does the ankle joint permit?
Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion Inversion and eversion
26
Where is the proximal joint located?
Superior tibia and fibula. On the lateral tibial condyle and head of the fibula
27
Where is the middle joint located?
In the interosseous membrane
28
Where is the distal joint located?
On the inferior tibia and fibula, on the distal fibula and fibular notch