Lecture 24: Upper Limb Bones Flashcards
Each upper limb has how many bones
32 on each arm
What bones are involved in the pectoral girdle?
- Clavical
- Scapula
Describe the structure, location, and function of the clavicle
- S shaped, long bone
- Extends between the sternum and the scapula
- Transmits force from upper limb to axial skeleton
Describe the structure and location of the scapula
- Triangular in shape
- Located on the posterior surface of the shoulder
Where is the coracoid process located?
On the anterior surface of the scapula
What is the structure, location and function of the coracoid process?
- Hook-like
- Inferior to clavicle
- Attachment point for muscles of the anterior arm and chest
Where is the scapular spine located?
On the posterior surface of the scapula
What does the scapular spine do?
Divides the posterior surface into two regions
Where is the acromion process located?
On the posterior surface of the scapula
What is the acromion process?
Projection of the spine that articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint
Describe the acromioclavicular joint
Plane type synovial joint
Transmits force and assists in scapular and shoulder range of motion
Describe the location and structure of the glenoid fossa
- Shallow cavity
- Articulates with the head of the humerus to form the glenohumeral joint
Describe the glenohumeral joint
- Synovial ball and socket joint
Involved in flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, circumduction, and medial and lateral rotation
How many bones does the arm region consist of?
1 - the humerous
Describe the location of the greater tubercle on the humerus
Laterally on the humerus
Describe the location of the lesser tubercle on the humerus
Medial and Anterior on the humerus
Describe the location of the condyles of the humerus. What are their names?
On the distal end of the humerus
- The trochlea is medial
- The capitulum is lateral
Describe the epicondyles of the hymerus
On the distal end of the humerus
- Bony projections
What are the two distal depressions on the humerus?
- The coronoid fossa and the olecranon fossa
What are the two bones involved in the forearm
The radius (lateral) and ulna (medial)
Describe the components of the radius
- Head
- Neck
- Shaft
- Ulnar notch
- Styloid process
Describe the components of the ulna
- Trochlear notch
- Coronoid Process
- Radial Notch
- Olecranon
- Shaft
- Head
- Styloid process
Describe the articulations of the elbow joint
Trochlea of humerus –> Trochlear notch of ulna
Capitulum of the humerus –> Head of the radius
What type of joint is the elbow joint. What is it’s function?
Hinge-type synovial joint
- Flexion and extension of the forearm
Describe the function of the radioulnar joints
Involved in supination and pronation
The radius twists arond the ulna and for supination and pronation
What are the bones of the wrist. ow many are there?
Carpal bones
- 8 bones
- 2 rows of 4
The palm/hand is made of what bones? How many are there?
Metacarpals
- 5 bones, one for each digit
The fingers/digits are made of what bones? How many are there?
Phalanges
- 14 bones
- Thumb - 2 phalanges
- Digit - 2-5 (3 phalanges each)
