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(OMS1) CPR Exam 1 > Lecture 3: Thoracic Pulmonolgy > Flashcards

Lecture 3: Thoracic Pulmonolgy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the lobes that make up the right lung?

A

Superior Lobe
Middle Lobe
Inferior Lobe

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2
Q

What fissure(s) are found found in the right lung?

A

Horizontal Fissure

Oblique Fissure

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3
Q

What are the lobes that make up the left lung?

A

Superior Lobe

Inferior Lobe

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4
Q

What fissure(s) are found found in the left lung?

A

Oblique Fissure

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5
Q

In the hilum, the opening with the thickest wall structure is what?

A

Main bronchus

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6
Q

What borders are found on the lungs?
What are the surfaces of the lungs

What counts as the base of the lung?

A

Posterior Border: tall/columnar
Anterior Border: floppy
Inferior Border

Mediastinal surface (has the hilum)
Costal surface
Diaphragmatic surface

Diaphragmatic surface + inferior border

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7
Q

What are some unique features found on the left lung?

A

Cardiac Notch

Lingula

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8
Q

What is pleura?

What is the role of surfactant?

A

Serous membrane that lungs stick to

Keeps lungs inflated

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9
Q

Should the pleural cavity be a real space?

A

NO! If the cavity exists between the pleura and the lung there is something wrong (as in a collapsed lung)

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10
Q

What are the different types of parietal pleura?

A

1) Cervical Pleura
2) Costal Pleura
3) Diaphragmatic Pleura
4) Mediastinal Pleura

*lines thoracic wall

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11
Q

Where is visceral pleura found?

A

On the lungs (very shiny)

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12
Q

What is pleuritis?pleurisy?

A

Inflamed pleura that can cause friction/roughness, leading to more serious issues (difficulty breathing)

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13
Q

What is a pneumothorax?

Hydrothorax? Hemothorax?

A

Rupture in thoracic wall and parietal pleura allows air to into pleural cavity, collapsing the lung

Hydrothorax: fluid enters the cavity
Hemothorax: blood enters the cavity

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14
Q

What are lines of pleural reflection?

A

Where pleura changes its name (not too imp)

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15
Q

How does air reach the lungs?

A

1) Larynx
2) Trachea
3) Bronchi
4) Bronchioles
5) Alveolar Duct

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16
Q

What are the classifications of bronchi?

A

1) Main Bronchi
2) Lobar Bronchi (2 in left lung, 3 in right lung)
3) Segmental Bronchi

17
Q

What are the classifications of bronchioles? What can occur in the respiratory bronchiole?

A

1) Conducting Bronchiole
2) Terminal Bronchiole
3) Respiratory Bronchiole (gas exchange, main site is the alveolar duct)

18
Q

What is the physiology behind asthmas?

A
  • Smooth muscles tighten

- Smooth muscles walls are thickened and inflamed –> airway is swollen during asthma attack

19
Q

In the right lung, what are the bronchopulmonary segments of the superior lobe?

A

Apical
Posterior
Anterior

20
Q

In the right lung, what are the bronchopulmonary segments of the middle lobe?

A

Lateral

Medial

21
Q

In the right lung, what are the bronchopulmonary segments of the inferior lobe?

A

Superior

All basal segments

22
Q

In the left lung, what are the bronchopulmonary segments of the superior lobe?

A 
Apical
Posterior
Anterior
Lateral
Medial
23
Q

In the left lung, what are the bronchopulmonary segments of the inferior lobe?

A

Superior

All basal segments

24
Q

What are the recesses of the thorax and what borders slide in each when breathing hard?

A

Costomediastinal recess - Anterior border

Costodiaphragmatic recess - Inferior border

25
Q

Which cells can lung cancer originate from? What structures can lung cancer affect?

A

Tissues of lung or bronchial tissue

Vagus N., Phrenic N. and L Recurrent Laryngeal N. (lose voice)

26
Q

Pneumonectomy
Loboctomy
Segmentectomy

A

Tx for lung cancer

  • remove a lung
  • remove a lobe of the lung
  • remove a segment of a lobe
27
Q

What is the difference between bronchi and bronchioles?

A

Bronchioles split from bronchi

Bronchi has cartilage and bronchioles don’t

28
Q

What is a bronchoscopy?

A

bronchoscope inserted in trachea to visualize bronchi

(OMS1) CPR Exam 1 (30 decks)

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