Lecture 21: Regulation of Arterial Pressure Flashcards
What are the equations for calculating Mean Arterial Pressure?
- Mean Arterial Pressure = Cardiac Output x Total Peripheral Resistance
- Mean Arterial Pressure = Heart Rate x Stroke Volume x Total Peripheral Resistance
- Mean Arterial Pressure = 2/3 (Diastolic BP) + 1/3 (Systolic BP)
What regulates mean arterial pressure?
- Baroreceptor Reflex
- RAAS System
- ADH
- ANP
Where are baroreceptors located?
- Carotid sinus
- Aortic sinus
What nerves are involved in the carotid sinus?
Where do they send their information?
- CN IX
- Sinus nerve of Hering
What nerves are involved in the aortic sinus?
- CN X
- Aortic Nerve
Describe the Baroreceptor Reflex Arc
Detector > Afferent > brain stem (coordination center) .> efferent > effectors (correct pressure)
Where do nerves from the aortic and carotid sinus send their information?
Nucleus Tractus Solitatrius
What neurotransmitter do afferent signals from baroreceptors use when sending information to the nucleus tractus soliatrius?
Glutamate
What do chemoreceptors respond to?
- PO2
- PCO2
- pH
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
- Changes in arterial pressure
What causes increased firing in a baroreceptor?
Increased pressure/stretch
What causes decreased firing in a baroreceptor?
Decreases in pressure/stretch
Where do baroreceptors send their signals to?
Medulla: Vasomotor center
What area of the brainstem is involved in parasympathetic activity in cardiovascular function?
- Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus
- Nucleus ambiguus
What area of the brainstem is involved in sympathetic activity in cardiovascular function?
Rostral ventrolateral medulla