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HSCI 312: Health Promotion > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A useful theory makes assumptions about a behaviour, health problem, target population, or environment that are…

A

Logical, consistent with everyday observations, are similar to those used in previous successful programs, and are supported by past research in the same area.

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2
Q

Examples of Group, Organization, Community Health Promotion Theories

A

Community Organization and Community Building, Diffusion of Innovations, Theories of Organizational Changes, and Communication Theory.

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3
Q

Theories should never be applied without…

A

a thorough understanding of the individuals, groups, organizations and communities you are working with to bring about health promoting changes.

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4
Q

Examples of esteem needs

A

self-esteem and desire for respect

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5
Q

Explanatory Theory

A

Describes the reason why a problem exists

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6
Q

Examples of Interpersonal Health Promotion Theories

A

Social Cognitive Theory, Stress and Coping, Social networks, Social support.

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7
Q

How is sociology useful in health promotion?

A

It influences the following aspects of health behaviour theory: concepts of class and hierarchy, group norms and conformity, the role of social capital, and social organization and its impact on behaviour.

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8
Q

Social Psychology focuses on…

A

the interaction between individuals and the group.

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9
Q

Example of where Social Psychology is useful in Health Promotion

A

It has influenced Social Cognitive Theory, the Theory of Planned Behaviour, and Social Network Theory.

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10
Q

How is ecology useful in health promotion?

A

It has influenced the ecological approach, which focuses on multiple determinants of health, and the role of the environment in behaviour.

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11
Q

Assumption of Behaviorist Psychology

A

Behaviour is learned through a process of stimulus and response.

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12
Q

Change Theory

A

Guides the development of health interventions.

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13
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Behaviour resulting from a relationship with a stimulus (conditioned stimulus).

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14
Q

Health promotion specialists apply theories to…

A

Understanding the individuals/organizations/communities they work with, guiding the selection and development of health promotion strategies, explaining the factors that promote and inhibit change, and using theory to predict behaviours related to health.

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15
Q

Examples of love and belonging needs

A

friendship, intimacy, trust, acceptance, love.

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16
Q

What do Collectivist Cultures emphasize?

A

Family and work group goals above individual needs or desires.

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17
Q

Give an example of where cognitive psychology is useful in health promotion…

A

in individual level theories such as the Health Belief Model

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18
Q

Give an example of where behaviorist psychology is useful in health promotion…

A

Smoking cessation and other addiction treatments.

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19
Q

What are key features of a theory?

A

It illustrates the relationships between variables, it is broad, it is abstract, it presents a coherent account from which more specific judgements can conclusions can be drawn, and it presents a systematic way of understanding events or situations.

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20
Q

Humanistic Psychology focuses on…

A

individual capacity, the human capability of choice.

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21
Q

Traits of First Nations perspective of wellness…

A

Medicine wheel (a visual expression of wellness), passed down from elders and traditional healers, belongs to every human behind.

22
Q

In order to have an impact on health behaviour, it is necessary to…

A

understand it.

23
Q

Traits of Collectivist Cultures

A

People are part of a larger society, rights of community over the rights of the individual, rules that promote unity, working with others, and strong group cohesion.

24
Q

How is theory related to program planning?

A

Effective practice depends on using strategies and theories that are appropriate to the situation.

25
Q

Epistemology

A

The theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope. Epistemology is the investigation of what distinguishes justified belief from opinion.

26
Q

What do Individualistic Cultures emphasize?

A

Personal achievement regardless of the expense of group goals, resulting in a strong sense of competition.

27
Q

Examples of Intrapersonal Health Promotion Theories

A

Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Transtheoretical Model.

28
Q

5 levels of the Ecological Model of Health

A

Individual, Family/Social, Community/Population, Cultural/Societal, Political/Economic/Structural.

29
Q

Models

A

Draw on a number of theories to help understand a specific problem in a particular setting or context.

30
Q

Explanatory theory asks…

A

“Why?” and “What can be changed?”

31
Q

Sociology

A

The study of society and its phenomena.

32
Q

What are the primary fields in which Health Behaviour theory find its roots?

A

In psychology and social psychology.

33
Q

In the current research and program environment, it is increasingly important to demonstrate systematic connections between…

A

An assessment of health issues, a program plan, and how you know whether or not your program had an impact.

34
Q

Order of needs in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

35
Q

Interpretivism

A

Subjective and uses qualitative methods.

36
Q

Humanistic Psychology assumes…

A

human beings desire to grow and attain their full potential.

37
Q

Self-actualization

A

Realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, and personal growth.

38
Q

Examples of Models for using theories

A

Planning, ecological, social marketing, evaluation.

39
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

Focuses on the thinking process, which includes: perception, memory, decision-making, interpretation, reasoning, and judgement.

40
Q

Cultural Anthropology focuses on…

A

The role of culture in human behaviour.

41
Q

Examples of physiological needs

A

Air, water, food, rest, and shelter.

42
Q

Operant conditioning

A

The conditioning of behaviour by positive and negative reinforcements.

43
Q

Change theory asks…

A

“Which strategies?” and “Which messages?”

44
Q

Theory

A

A set of interrelated constructs, definitions, and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena by specifying relations among variables, with the purpose of explaining and predicting phenomena.

45
Q

What are basic assumptions of the western tradition of theory?

A

Order and regularity, predictability, empirical data, and progress/perfectibility.

46
Q

Positivism

A

Knowledge is based on natural phenomena that can be verified by empirical sciences.

47
Q

Traits of Individualist Cultures

A

Personal success, individual rights, independence and self reliance.

48
Q

Examples of safety and security needs

A

a stable home, employment, resources, health

49
Q

Ecology

A

The study of how living organisms function within interdependent systems.

50
Q

What health behaviour theories has Cultural Anthropology influenced?

A

Holistic ecological approaches, cultural influence on treatment of care, values and meanings as connected to behaviour, and cultural constructions of disease and illness.

51
Q

Give an example of where Humanistic Psychology is useful in health promotion…

A

it influences the public health emphasis on quality of life.

52
Q

Examples of fields that have influenced Health Behaviour Theory…

A

Psychology, social psychology, sociology, ecology, anthropology, organizational theory, community theory, and communications theory.

HSCI 312: Health Promotion (12 decks)

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